The Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) of Methanol and Ethyl Acetate Extract of Vinca Flower (Catharanthus roseus)
Corresponding Author(s) : Tetty Noverita Khairani
International Journal of Allied Medical Sciences and Clinical Research,
Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): 2021 Volume - 9 Issue - 2
Abstract
Vinca (Catharanthus roseus) is a plant that belongs to the Apocynaceae family. The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of mortality data and the LC50 value of the Vinca flower extract (Catharanthus roseus) against the larvae of Artemia Salina Leach using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The method used is the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). The methanol extract test consisted of six treatments, namely 0 ppm, 20 ppm, 60 ppm, 100 ppm, 140 ppm, and 180 ppm, and the ethyl acetate extract test consisted of seven concentration treatments, namely, 0 ppm, 200 ppm, 220 ppm, 240 ppm, 260 ppm, 280 ppm, 300 ppm. At each concentration, 10 test animals were used, artemia salina Leach larvae aged 48 hours. The toxic effect of the extract was identified by the percentage of mortality of Artemia Salina Leach larvae using a probit analysis to obtain a 50% Lethality Concentration (LC50) value. The results of the study in the form of a linear regression equation from the probit analysis are Y = 3.0809x - 12.065 with a value of LC50 = 34.599 ppm. The linear regression equation for ethyl acetate extract is Y = 15.10178x- 30.0269 with a value of LC50 = 208.636 ppm. The conclusion of this study is that Vinca flowers are toxic because they have an LC50 value <1000 ppm.
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[1] BPOM RI, Acuan Sediaan Herbal. 1st ed., Jakarta: Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia, 2007.
[2] Sudewo B, Basmi Kanker Dengan Herba, Yogyakarta: Visimedia, 2012.
[3] BPOM RI, Acuan Sediaan Herbal. 1st ed., Jakarta: Direktorat Obat Asli Indonesia Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan RI, 2012.
[4] Sain M, Sharma V., “Catharanthus roseus (An anti-cancerous drug yielding plant) - A Review of Potential Therapeutic Properties”, Int J Pure Appl Biosci., Vol. 1, No. 6, 2013, 139–42.
[5] Verananda IM, Viktoria YF, Lizma F, Laode R, “Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Bunga Tapak Dara”, Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conference, Vol. 4, No. 1, 2016, pp. 162-167.
[6] E Jerald, et al., “Comparative Evaluation of Antihyperglycamic and Hypoglycaemic Activity of Various Parts of Cantharanthus roseus Linn.”, Research Journal of Medicinal Plant, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2008, pp. 10-15.
[7] Raza ML, Nasir M, Abbas T, Naqvi BS, “Antibacterial Activity of Different Extracts from the Catharanthus roseus”, Clinical and Experimental Medicinal Journal, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2009, pp. 81–85.
[8] Singh SN, Vats P, Suri S, Shyam R, Kumria MML, “Ranganathan S, et al. Effect of an antidiabetic extract of Catharanthus roseus on enzymic activities in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats”, J Ethnopharmacol., Vol. 76, No. 3, 2001, pp. 269-77.
[9] Prasetio E. “Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Bunga Tapak Dara (Catharanthus roseus sebagai Insektisida Alami Pembunuh Nyamuk Aedes aegepti” J Chem Inf Model, Vol. 53, No. 9, 2019, pp. 1689–1699.
[10] Depkes RI., Cara Pembuatan Simplisia, Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1985
[11] Depkes RI., Farmakope Indonesia III, Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1979.
[12] Hanifah NZ. “Uji Toksisitas Akut Metanol Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L) Terhadap Larva Artemia salina Leach Dengan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)”, B. Med Thesis, Faculty of Medicine, Univeritas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2015.
[13] I Hafiz, K Fitri, SJ Helvin, “The Phytochemical Screening and Assesment of Bioactivity of Pagoda Flower (Clerodendrum paniculatum) Uing Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina) Lethality Assay”, Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Vol. 7, No. 3, 2019, pp. 10-13.
[14] D Pertiwi, I Hafiz, Leny, “Potential Bioactivities of Ethanol, Ethyl Acetate and n-Hexane Extract from Pagoda Leaves (Clerodendrum paniculatum L.)”, Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 13, No. 4, 2020, pp. 2313-2316.
[15] Mayer BN, et al. “Brine Shrimp: A Convenient General Bioassay for Active Plant Constituents”, Planta Med., Vol. 45, No. 5, 2007, pp 31–34.
References
[2] Sudewo B, Basmi Kanker Dengan Herba, Yogyakarta: Visimedia, 2012.
[3] BPOM RI, Acuan Sediaan Herbal. 1st ed., Jakarta: Direktorat Obat Asli Indonesia Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan RI, 2012.
[4] Sain M, Sharma V., “Catharanthus roseus (An anti-cancerous drug yielding plant) - A Review of Potential Therapeutic Properties”, Int J Pure Appl Biosci., Vol. 1, No. 6, 2013, 139–42.
[5] Verananda IM, Viktoria YF, Lizma F, Laode R, “Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Bunga Tapak Dara”, Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conference, Vol. 4, No. 1, 2016, pp. 162-167.
[6] E Jerald, et al., “Comparative Evaluation of Antihyperglycamic and Hypoglycaemic Activity of Various Parts of Cantharanthus roseus Linn.”, Research Journal of Medicinal Plant, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2008, pp. 10-15.
[7] Raza ML, Nasir M, Abbas T, Naqvi BS, “Antibacterial Activity of Different Extracts from the Catharanthus roseus”, Clinical and Experimental Medicinal Journal, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2009, pp. 81–85.
[8] Singh SN, Vats P, Suri S, Shyam R, Kumria MML, “Ranganathan S, et al. Effect of an antidiabetic extract of Catharanthus roseus on enzymic activities in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats”, J Ethnopharmacol., Vol. 76, No. 3, 2001, pp. 269-77.
[9] Prasetio E. “Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Bunga Tapak Dara (Catharanthus roseus sebagai Insektisida Alami Pembunuh Nyamuk Aedes aegepti” J Chem Inf Model, Vol. 53, No. 9, 2019, pp. 1689–1699.
[10] Depkes RI., Cara Pembuatan Simplisia, Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1985
[11] Depkes RI., Farmakope Indonesia III, Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1979.
[12] Hanifah NZ. “Uji Toksisitas Akut Metanol Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L) Terhadap Larva Artemia salina Leach Dengan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)”, B. Med Thesis, Faculty of Medicine, Univeritas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2015.
[13] I Hafiz, K Fitri, SJ Helvin, “The Phytochemical Screening and Assesment of Bioactivity of Pagoda Flower (Clerodendrum paniculatum) Uing Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina) Lethality Assay”, Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Vol. 7, No. 3, 2019, pp. 10-13.
[14] D Pertiwi, I Hafiz, Leny, “Potential Bioactivities of Ethanol, Ethyl Acetate and n-Hexane Extract from Pagoda Leaves (Clerodendrum paniculatum L.)”, Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 13, No. 4, 2020, pp. 2313-2316.
[15] Mayer BN, et al. “Brine Shrimp: A Convenient General Bioassay for Active Plant Constituents”, Planta Med., Vol. 45, No. 5, 2007, pp 31–34.