Hair Dye (Super Vasmol-33) Poisoning – a Case Report
Corresponding Author(s) : Amareswara Reddy Gangula
amarpdtr@gmail.com
International Journal of Allied Medical Sciences and Clinical Research,
Vol. 2 No. 4 (2014): 2014 Volume 2- Issue -4
Abstract
The trend of consuming hair dyes intentionally to free their souls due to various reasons is increasing markedly especially among rural Indian population. Among them Super Vasmol-33® is a well-known emulsion-base type hair dye brand used for committing suicide. The main content in vasmol is Paraphenylenediamine (PPD). The major toxic effects of this chemicalwere found to becervicofacial edema, rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. Quick recognition and immediate supportive therapy helps to recover completely. We report a case which highlights the toxic effects upon vasmol ingestion.
Keywords
Vasmol poisoning
Hair dye poisoning
, Paraphenylenediamine
1.
Amareswara Reddy Gangula. Hair Dye (Super Vasmol-33) Poisoning – a Case Report. Int. J. of Allied Med. Sci. and Clin. Res. [Internet]. 2020 Aug. 1 [cited 2026 Apr. 27];2(4):279-81. Available from: https://ijamscr.com/ijamscr/article/view/88
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References
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[1] Jain PK, Agarwal N, Sharma AK, Akhtar A;Prospective study ofingestional hair dye poisoning in Northern India (Prohina). Journal of Clinical Medicine and Research, 2011; 3(1): 9-19.
[2] W. Ashraf, S. Dawling, and L. J. Farrow, “Systemic Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) poisoning: a case report and review,” Human and Experimental Toxicology, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 167–170, 1994.
[3] R. Ram, G. Swarnalatha, N. Prasad, and K. Dakshinamurty, “Paraphenylene diamine ingestion: an uncommon cause of acute renal failure,” Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 181–182, 2007.
[4] R. Verma, N. Tewari, S. Jaiswal, V. Rastogi, D. K. Singh, andA. Tiwari, “Fatal poisoning caused by oral ingestion of a hair dye,” The Internet Journal of Emergency and Intensive CareMedicine, vol. 11, no. 1, article 5, 2008.
[5] Mustafa OM. Acute poisoning with hair dye containing paraphenylenediamine: the Gazira experience. Journal of the Arab Board of Specialization. 2001:3(2).
[6] Yagi HI, el Hind AM, Khalil SI. Acute poisoning from Hair dye. East Afr Med J. 1991 Jun;68(6):404-11.
[7] C. Sugunakar, Ch. S.K. Appaji, Malakondaiah. “An Analysis Of The Trend Of Rising In Poisoning Due To Hair Dye Brand (Supervasmol 33 Kesh Kala)”. Journal of Evolution of Medical And Dental Sciences 2013; Vol2, Issue 50, December 16; Page: 9833-9836.
[8] M. Bulut, N. Turkmen, R. Fedakar, and S. A. Aydin, “Acase report of fatal oral ingestion of resorcinol,” Mount SinaiJournal of Medicine, vol. 73, no. 7, pp. 1049–1051, 2006.
[9] Abdelraheem M, Ali ET, Hussien R, Zijlstra E; Paraphenylenediamine hair dye poisoning in an adolescent. ToxicolInd Health, 2011; 27(10): 911– 913.
[10] Hou FQ, Lin XH, Yu YY, Wang L, Wang Q; Severe liver injury induced by repeated use of hair dye. Chinese Medical Journal, 2009; 122(7): 875– 877.
[11] Saito K, Murai T, Yabe K, Hara M, Watanabe H, Hurukawa T.; Rhabdomyolysis due to Paraphenylenediamine (PPD)-report of an autopsy case. Nihon HiogakuZasshi, 1990; 44(5 6): 469-474.
[12] El Ansary EH, Ahmed MK, Clague HW; Systemic toxicity of Paraphenylenediamine. The Lancet, 1983; 321(8337):1341.
References
[1] Jain PK, Agarwal N, Sharma AK, Akhtar A;Prospective study ofingestional hair dye poisoning in Northern India (Prohina). Journal of Clinical Medicine and Research, 2011; 3(1): 9-19.
[2] W. Ashraf, S. Dawling, and L. J. Farrow, “Systemic Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) poisoning: a case report and review,” Human and Experimental Toxicology, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 167–170, 1994.
[3] R. Ram, G. Swarnalatha, N. Prasad, and K. Dakshinamurty, “Paraphenylene diamine ingestion: an uncommon cause of acute renal failure,” Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 181–182, 2007.
[4] R. Verma, N. Tewari, S. Jaiswal, V. Rastogi, D. K. Singh, andA. Tiwari, “Fatal poisoning caused by oral ingestion of a hair dye,” The Internet Journal of Emergency and Intensive CareMedicine, vol. 11, no. 1, article 5, 2008.
[5] Mustafa OM. Acute poisoning with hair dye containing paraphenylenediamine: the Gazira experience. Journal of the Arab Board of Specialization. 2001:3(2).
[6] Yagi HI, el Hind AM, Khalil SI. Acute poisoning from Hair dye. East Afr Med J. 1991 Jun;68(6):404-11.
[7] C. Sugunakar, Ch. S.K. Appaji, Malakondaiah. “An Analysis Of The Trend Of Rising In Poisoning Due To Hair Dye Brand (Supervasmol 33 Kesh Kala)”. Journal of Evolution of Medical And Dental Sciences 2013; Vol2, Issue 50, December 16; Page: 9833-9836.
[8] M. Bulut, N. Turkmen, R. Fedakar, and S. A. Aydin, “Acase report of fatal oral ingestion of resorcinol,” Mount SinaiJournal of Medicine, vol. 73, no. 7, pp. 1049–1051, 2006.
[9] Abdelraheem M, Ali ET, Hussien R, Zijlstra E; Paraphenylenediamine hair dye poisoning in an adolescent. ToxicolInd Health, 2011; 27(10): 911– 913.
[10] Hou FQ, Lin XH, Yu YY, Wang L, Wang Q; Severe liver injury induced by repeated use of hair dye. Chinese Medical Journal, 2009; 122(7): 875– 877.
[11] Saito K, Murai T, Yabe K, Hara M, Watanabe H, Hurukawa T.; Rhabdomyolysis due to Paraphenylenediamine (PPD)-report of an autopsy case. Nihon HiogakuZasshi, 1990; 44(5 6): 469-474.
[12] El Ansary EH, Ahmed MK, Clague HW; Systemic toxicity of Paraphenylenediamine. The Lancet, 1983; 321(8337):1341.
[2] W. Ashraf, S. Dawling, and L. J. Farrow, “Systemic Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) poisoning: a case report and review,” Human and Experimental Toxicology, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 167–170, 1994.
[3] R. Ram, G. Swarnalatha, N. Prasad, and K. Dakshinamurty, “Paraphenylene diamine ingestion: an uncommon cause of acute renal failure,” Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 181–182, 2007.
[4] R. Verma, N. Tewari, S. Jaiswal, V. Rastogi, D. K. Singh, andA. Tiwari, “Fatal poisoning caused by oral ingestion of a hair dye,” The Internet Journal of Emergency and Intensive CareMedicine, vol. 11, no. 1, article 5, 2008.
[5] Mustafa OM. Acute poisoning with hair dye containing paraphenylenediamine: the Gazira experience. Journal of the Arab Board of Specialization. 2001:3(2).
[6] Yagi HI, el Hind AM, Khalil SI. Acute poisoning from Hair dye. East Afr Med J. 1991 Jun;68(6):404-11.
[7] C. Sugunakar, Ch. S.K. Appaji, Malakondaiah. “An Analysis Of The Trend Of Rising In Poisoning Due To Hair Dye Brand (Supervasmol 33 Kesh Kala)”. Journal of Evolution of Medical And Dental Sciences 2013; Vol2, Issue 50, December 16; Page: 9833-9836.
[8] M. Bulut, N. Turkmen, R. Fedakar, and S. A. Aydin, “Acase report of fatal oral ingestion of resorcinol,” Mount SinaiJournal of Medicine, vol. 73, no. 7, pp. 1049–1051, 2006.
[9] Abdelraheem M, Ali ET, Hussien R, Zijlstra E; Paraphenylenediamine hair dye poisoning in an adolescent. ToxicolInd Health, 2011; 27(10): 911– 913.
[10] Hou FQ, Lin XH, Yu YY, Wang L, Wang Q; Severe liver injury induced by repeated use of hair dye. Chinese Medical Journal, 2009; 122(7): 875– 877.
[11] Saito K, Murai T, Yabe K, Hara M, Watanabe H, Hurukawa T.; Rhabdomyolysis due to Paraphenylenediamine (PPD)-report of an autopsy case. Nihon HiogakuZasshi, 1990; 44(5 6): 469-474.
[12] El Ansary EH, Ahmed MK, Clague HW; Systemic toxicity of Paraphenylenediamine. The Lancet, 1983; 321(8337):1341.