A study of catheter-related blood stream infections and associating risk factors in hemodialysis patients

Abstract

Background Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is a frequent cause of mortality and morbidity in dialysis patients with ESRD, and the organisms isolated varies across different dialysis centers. Objective This Study is aimed to find the associating risk factors in our centre for catheter related bloodstream infections and see if there is any commonality between the risk factors in other centres mentioned in other studies. Methodology This was an observational retrospective study at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India. The data collected were related to patients’ demographics, duration of renal failure, presence of comorbidities, site of catheter insertion and duration, presence of fistula failure, biochemical investigations. Furthermore, microbiological data including cultures from catheter sites and blood. Results The data collected from 80 patients undergoing haemodialysis in our centre of which 49 were male and 31 were female, from Jan 2019 to June 2019 were analysed. Infection rate was 58.75%. Highest rate of infection was noted in patients with catheter placed greater than 30 days and in patients with femoral vein catheter and tunelled cuffed catheter. Staphylococcus was the most commonly isolated Species of organisms (54%). Conclusion The factors which have a significant association with the occurrence of bloodstream infections in our study is the duration of catheter placed greater than 30 days, fistula failure, hypoalbuminaemia and the insertion site. Cephalosporins and Vancomycin were the commonly given antibiotics.