Antibacterial analysis of Ocimum sanctum mediated silver and copper nanoparticles

Abstract

Background and Aim
Synthesis and development of newer antimicrobials are necessary to overcome the emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of the Ocimum sanctum mediated silver and copper nanoparticles.
Methods and Results
The aqueous solution of the silver and copper, and crude extract of O. sanctum was evaluated. The color change, uv spectra, scanning electron imaging, atomic force microscopic and x-ray diffraction determinations, pH, nitrate and sulphate reductase assay were assessed for O. sanctum mediated silver (Ag-O.s) and copper (Cu-O.s) nanoparticles and finally in vitro anti-bacterial activity was performed. Copper is very effective than silver with maximum inhibition of 20mm against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Further, the characterization of Ag-O.s and Cu-O.s nanoparticles revealed that the color change to dark brown and bluish tinge; pH upto 5 and 6 respectively. The SEI revealed of Ag-O.s and Cu-O.s as 15nm and 26nm; XRD as crystalline cubic lattice with 41.6nm and polycrystalline wurtzite with 69.2nm respectively. The AFM detected with 71 clusters with 12mm size of each and 48nm distance between two clusters, 177 particles were counted in one cluster whose size is 63nm with the peak height of 130nm for Cu-O.s. Bactericidal nature of Cu-O.s and Ag-O.s showed better results against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli etc.
Conclusion
The herbal mediated silver and copper materials were proved as nanoparticles and have effective bactericidal nature compared to the crude activity of herbs and metals.