Pharmacological Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Andrographis Lineata Nees on Hepatotoxicity Induced Rats
Corresponding Author(s) : E. Nikhil Chakravarthy
International Journal of Allied Medical Sciences and Clinical Research,
Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): 2014 Volume 2- Issue -1
Abstract
Liver diseases are still a worldwide health problem due to drug-induced hepatotoxicity. It may occur as an unexpected idiosyncratic reaction, or nontoxic drug or it may be an expected consequence of the intrinsic toxicity of a drug, taken in a sufficiently large dose to cause liver injury. A highly potential therapeutic agent or a medicinal extract is necessary for the preventive action of the hepatic disorders leading to the inflammation and drug inducing liver injury. The present study proved the medicinal plant with supportive therapeutic efficacy. Albino wistar rats of either sex are induced by Rifampicin and D-Galactosamine orally at a dose of 1g/kg and 400 mg/kg for a period of 28 days, and were treated with ethanolic extract of the stems of Andrographis lineata Nees (EEALN) orally at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day. The biochemical parameters such as serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP),Total protein, and serum bilirubin (Total and Direct) were estimated to assess the liver function. Ethanolic extract of the stems of Andrographis lineata Nees (EEALN) showed the hepatoprotective activity by decreasing the levels of serum hepatic marker enzymes. Silymarin is used as a Standard drug. Histopathological studies were performed to confirm the biochemical changes in the hepatocytes. Toxicological studies were carried out with the extract and 2000 mg/kg b.wt. is considered as the safe dose with no mortality and adverse effects.
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1. Zimmerman HJ. Drug induced liver disease. Clin liver dis. 2000;4:73–96.
2. Balu, S., C. Alagesaboopathi and V. Elango, 1993. Antipyretic activities of some
species of Andrographis Wall. Ancient Science of Life, 12: 399-402.
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Andrographis Wall. Ancient Science of Life, 14: 187-190.
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pharmacology, 8 september, 2011;5(9):1190-1195.
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from Andrographis lineata. J Phytochem :63: 457–461.
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toxicity. Paris: OECD; 2000.
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Pathology, MCGraw Hill: New York,1968; 3rd edn.
13. Henderson, A.R., Mass, D.W., Enzymes, Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry,
Burtis, C.A. & Ashwood, E.R. (W.B. Saunders eds. Philadelphia USA),2001: 5th
Ed., p.352.
14. Kapil, A., O.P. Suri and I. B. Koul, Antihepatotoxic effects of chlorogenic acid
from Anthrocephalus cadamba. Phytother. 1995,9; p.189-193.
15. Drotman R.B. and Lowhorn, G,T, Serum enzymes as indicators of chemical induced
liver damage. Drug Chemical Toxicology (1978);1;163-171.
References
2. Balu, S., C. Alagesaboopathi and V. Elango, 1993. Antipyretic activities of some
species of Andrographis Wall. Ancient Science of Life, 12: 399-402.
3. Balu, S. and C. Alagesaboopathi, 1995. Antivenom activities of some species of
Andrographis Wall. Ancient Science of Life, 14: 187-190.
4. Chinnappan alagesaboopathi, phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial evaluation of
Andrographis lineata nees leaves and stem extracts, african journal of pharmacy and
pharmacology, 8 september, 2011;5(9):1190-1195.
5. Hari Kishore P, Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy N, Kesava Reddy N. 2003.Flavonoids isolated
from Andrographis lineata. J Phytochem :63: 457–461.
6. OECD Guidelines for the testing of chemicals revised draft guideline 423: acute oral
toxicity. Paris: OECD; 2000.
7. Johnson AM, Rohlfs EM, Silverman LM. Proteins. In: Burtis CA, Ashwood ER.
Editors Tietz textbook of clinical chemistry. 3rd ed. Philadelphia : W.B. Saunders
Company; 1999. p. 477-540.
8. Young DS. Effects of drugs on Clinical Lab Tests, 4th ed. AACC Press, 1995.
9. Christensen, S.E., Proteins. Clinical Chemistry : Concepts and Application, Anderson,
S.C., Cockayne, S. (W. B Saunders eds. Philadelphia USA), (1983), p.188.
10. Vassault, A., et al., Protocole de validation de techniques. (Document B, stade 3),
Ann Biol. Clin.,.(1986).
11. Vassault, A., et al., Protocole de validation de techniques. Ann Biol. Clin., (1986)
(Document B, stade 3).
12. Luna LG; Manual of Histology; Staining Methods of Armed Forces Institute of
Pathology, MCGraw Hill: New York,1968; 3rd edn.
13. Henderson, A.R., Mass, D.W., Enzymes, Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry,
Burtis, C.A. & Ashwood, E.R. (W.B. Saunders eds. Philadelphia USA),2001: 5th
Ed., p.352.
14. Kapil, A., O.P. Suri and I. B. Koul, Antihepatotoxic effects of chlorogenic acid
from Anthrocephalus cadamba. Phytother. 1995,9; p.189-193.
15. Drotman R.B. and Lowhorn, G,T, Serum enzymes as indicators of chemical induced
liver damage. Drug Chemical Toxicology (1978);1;163-171.