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Current Deficiencies In Schedule Y
Corresponding Author(s) : P. Shanthi
International Journal of Allied Medical Sciences and Clinical Research,
Vol. 12 No. 4 (2024): 2024 Volume -12 - Issue 4
Abstract
To investigate "up-to-date" and "age-appropriate" indicators of preschool vaccination status and their implications for vaccination policy. The authors analyzed medical records data from the Baltimore Immunization Study for 525 2-year-olds born from August 1988 through March 1989 to mothers living in low-income Census tracts of the city of Baltimore.While only 54% of 24-month-old children were up-to-date for the primary series, indicators of up-to-date coverage were consistently higher, by 37 or more percentage points, than corresponding age-appropriate indicators. Almost 80% of children who failed to receive the first dose of DTP or OPV age-appropriately failed to be up-to-date by 24 months of age for the primary series.Age-appropriate immunization indicators more accurately reflect adequacy of protection for pre schoolers than up-to-date indicators at both the individual and population levels. Age-appropriate receipt of the first dose of DTP should be monitored to identify children likely to be under immunized. Age-appropriate indicators should also be incorporated as vaccination coverage estimators in population-based surveys and as quality of care indicators for managed care organizations. These changes would require accurate dates for each vaccination and support the need to develop population-based registries.
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- Ogden CL, Yanovski SZ, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. The epidemiology of obesity. Gastroenterology 2007;132:2087–102.
- Douketis JD, Macie C, Thabane L, Williamson DF. Systematic review of long-term weight loss studies in obese adults: clinical significance and applicability to clinical practice. Int J Obes 2005;29:1153–67.
- Buchwald H, Williams SE. Bariatric surgery worldwide 2003. Obes Surg 2004;14:1157–64.
- Sjostrom L, Lindroos AK, Peltonen M, et al. Lifestyle, diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors 10 years after bariatric surgery. N Engl J Med 2004;351:2683–93
- DeMaria EJ, Sugerman HJ, Meador JG, et al. High failure rate after laparoscopic adjustable silicone gastric banding for treatment of morbid obesity. Ann Surg 2001;233:809–18.
- Suter M, Calmes JM, Paroz A, Giusti V. A 10-year experience with laparoscopic gastric banding for morbid obesity: high long-term complication and failure rates. Obes Surg 2006;16:829–35.
- Suter M, Giusti V, Héraief E, Zysset F, Calmes JM. Laparoscopic Rouxen-Y gastric bypass: initial 2-year experience. Surg Endosc 2003;17: 603–9.
- Schauer PR, Ikramuddin S, Gourash W, Ramanathan R, Luketich J. Outcomes after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity. Ann Surg 2000;232:515–29.
- Fisher BL, Barber AE. Gastric bypass procedures. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1999;11:93–7.
- Alvarez-Leite JI. Nutrient deficiencies secondary to bariatric surgery. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2004;7:569–75.
- Bloomberg RD, Fleishman A, Nalle JE, Herron DM, Kini S. Nutritional deficiencies following bariatric surgery: what have we learned? Obes Surg 2005;15:145–54.
- 1. Kluetz PG, O’connor DJ, Soltys K. Incorporating the patient experi-ence into regulatory decision making in the USA, Europe, andCanada.Lancet Oncol.2018;19(5):e267–e274. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30097-4
- US Department of Health and Human Services, Food and DrugAdministration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Centerfor Biologics Evaluation and Research.Guidance for Industry:Patient Preference Information–Voluntary Submission, Review inPremarket Approval Applications, Humanitarian Device ExemptionApplications, and De Novo Requests, and Inclusion in DecisionSummaries and Device Labeling;2016.
- Postmus D, Mavris M, Hillege HL, et al. Incorporating patient pre-ferences into drug development and regulatory decision making:results from a quantitative pilot study with cancer patients, carers,and regulators.Clin Pharmacol Ther.2016;99(5):548–554. doi:10.1002/cpt.v99.5
- healthcare Ifqaei. Background: what are patient preferences?Accessed 24 June,2019.5. UK R. NICE given grant to research patient preference;2016.Accessed 24 June, 2019.
- Louviere JJ, Flynn TN, Carson RT. Discrete choice experiments arenot conjoint analysis.JChoiceModell.2010;3(3):57–72.doi:10.1016/S1755-5345(13)70014-9
- Thurstone LL. A law of comparative judgment.Psychol Rev.1927;34(4):273–286. doi:10.1037/h0070288
- Mangham LJ, Hanson K, McPake B. How to do (or not to do) . . .Designing a discrete choice experiment for application in a low-income country.Health Policy Plan.2009;24(2):151–158. doi:10.1093/heapol/czn047
- Koledova E, Stoyanov G, Ovbude L, Davies PSW. Adherence andlong-term growth outcomes: results from the easypod.EndocrConnect.2018;7(8):914–923. doi:10.1530/EC-18-0172
- Rosenfeld RG, Bakker B. Compliance and persistence in pediatricand adult patients receiving growth hormone therapy.Endocr Pract.2008;14(2):143–154. doi:10.4158/EP.14.2.143
- Cutfield WS, Derraik JG, Gunn AJ, et al. Non-compliance withgrowth hormone treatment in children is common and impairs lineargrowth.PLoS One.2011;6(1):e16223. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016223
- Boye KS, Matza LS, Walter KN, Van Brunt K, Palsgrove AC,Tynan A. Utilities and disutilities for attributes of injectable treat-ments for type 2 diabetes.Eur J Health Econ.2011;12(3):219–230.doi:10.1007/s10198-010-0224-8
- Quitmann J, Bloemeke J, Silva N, et al. Quality of life ofshort-statured children born small for gestational age or idiopathicgrowth hormone deficiency within 1 year of growth hormonetreatment.Front Pediatr.2019;7:164. doi:10.3389/fped.2019.00164
- Reed Johnson F, Lancsar E, Marshall D, et al. Constructing experi-mental designs for discrete-choice experiments: report of the ISPORconjoint analysis experimental design good research practices taskforce.Value Health.2013;16(1):3–13. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2012.08.2223
- Maniatis AK, Thornton P, Hofman P, et al. The pivotal phase 3heiGHt Trial of Weekly TransCon™hGH vs. Daily hGH in treat-ment-naïve subjects with pediatric growth hormone deficiency. Posterpresented at the Pediatric Academic Societies/Pediatric EndocrineSociety Annual Meeting(PAS/PES), April 27-30, 2019 (BaltimoreMD).
References
Ogden CL, Yanovski SZ, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. The epidemiology of obesity. Gastroenterology 2007;132:2087–102.
Douketis JD, Macie C, Thabane L, Williamson DF. Systematic review of long-term weight loss studies in obese adults: clinical significance and applicability to clinical practice. Int J Obes 2005;29:1153–67.
Buchwald H, Williams SE. Bariatric surgery worldwide 2003. Obes Surg 2004;14:1157–64.
Sjostrom L, Lindroos AK, Peltonen M, et al. Lifestyle, diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors 10 years after bariatric surgery. N Engl J Med 2004;351:2683–93
DeMaria EJ, Sugerman HJ, Meador JG, et al. High failure rate after laparoscopic adjustable silicone gastric banding for treatment of morbid obesity. Ann Surg 2001;233:809–18.
Suter M, Calmes JM, Paroz A, Giusti V. A 10-year experience with laparoscopic gastric banding for morbid obesity: high long-term complication and failure rates. Obes Surg 2006;16:829–35.
Suter M, Giusti V, Héraief E, Zysset F, Calmes JM. Laparoscopic Rouxen-Y gastric bypass: initial 2-year experience. Surg Endosc 2003;17: 603–9.
Schauer PR, Ikramuddin S, Gourash W, Ramanathan R, Luketich J. Outcomes after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity. Ann Surg 2000;232:515–29.
Fisher BL, Barber AE. Gastric bypass procedures. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1999;11:93–7.
Alvarez-Leite JI. Nutrient deficiencies secondary to bariatric surgery. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2004;7:569–75.
Bloomberg RD, Fleishman A, Nalle JE, Herron DM, Kini S. Nutritional deficiencies following bariatric surgery: what have we learned? Obes Surg 2005;15:145–54.
1. Kluetz PG, O’connor DJ, Soltys K. Incorporating the patient experi-ence into regulatory decision making in the USA, Europe, andCanada.Lancet Oncol.2018;19(5):e267–e274. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30097-4
US Department of Health and Human Services, Food and DrugAdministration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Centerfor Biologics Evaluation and Research.Guidance for Industry:Patient Preference Information–Voluntary Submission, Review inPremarket Approval Applications, Humanitarian Device ExemptionApplications, and De Novo Requests, and Inclusion in DecisionSummaries and Device Labeling;2016.
Postmus D, Mavris M, Hillege HL, et al. Incorporating patient pre-ferences into drug development and regulatory decision making:results from a quantitative pilot study with cancer patients, carers,and regulators.Clin Pharmacol Ther.2016;99(5):548–554. doi:10.1002/cpt.v99.5
healthcare Ifqaei. Background: what are patient preferences?Accessed 24 June,2019.5. UK R. NICE given grant to research patient preference;2016.Accessed 24 June, 2019.
Louviere JJ, Flynn TN, Carson RT. Discrete choice experiments arenot conjoint analysis.JChoiceModell.2010;3(3):57–72.doi:10.1016/S1755-5345(13)70014-9
Thurstone LL. A law of comparative judgment.Psychol Rev.1927;34(4):273–286. doi:10.1037/h0070288
Mangham LJ, Hanson K, McPake B. How to do (or not to do) . . .Designing a discrete choice experiment for application in a low-income country.Health Policy Plan.2009;24(2):151–158. doi:10.1093/heapol/czn047
Koledova E, Stoyanov G, Ovbude L, Davies PSW. Adherence andlong-term growth outcomes: results from the easypod.EndocrConnect.2018;7(8):914–923. doi:10.1530/EC-18-0172
Rosenfeld RG, Bakker B. Compliance and persistence in pediatricand adult patients receiving growth hormone therapy.Endocr Pract.2008;14(2):143–154. doi:10.4158/EP.14.2.143
Cutfield WS, Derraik JG, Gunn AJ, et al. Non-compliance withgrowth hormone treatment in children is common and impairs lineargrowth.PLoS One.2011;6(1):e16223. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016223
Boye KS, Matza LS, Walter KN, Van Brunt K, Palsgrove AC,Tynan A. Utilities and disutilities for attributes of injectable treat-ments for type 2 diabetes.Eur J Health Econ.2011;12(3):219–230.doi:10.1007/s10198-010-0224-8
Quitmann J, Bloemeke J, Silva N, et al. Quality of life ofshort-statured children born small for gestational age or idiopathicgrowth hormone deficiency within 1 year of growth hormonetreatment.Front Pediatr.2019;7:164. doi:10.3389/fped.2019.00164
Reed Johnson F, Lancsar E, Marshall D, et al. Constructing experi-mental designs for discrete-choice experiments: report of the ISPORconjoint analysis experimental design good research practices taskforce.Value Health.2013;16(1):3–13. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2012.08.2223
Maniatis AK, Thornton P, Hofman P, et al. The pivotal phase 3heiGHt Trial of Weekly TransCon™hGH vs. Daily hGH in treat-ment-naïve subjects with pediatric growth hormone deficiency. Posterpresented at the Pediatric Academic Societies/Pediatric EndocrineSociety Annual Meeting(PAS/PES), April 27-30, 2019 (BaltimoreMD).