Case Series Report: 3 Cases of Gallbladder Perforation of Three Defferent Types
Corresponding Author(s) : Pukhraj Chaudhary
International Journal of Allied Medical Sciences and Clinical Research,
Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015): 2015 Volume 3- Issue -1
Abstract
Gallbladder perforation (GBP) is a rare clinical entity but life threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality rates because of delay in diagnosis. Thus GBP still remains a big challenge for the surgeons. Most cases can only be diagnosed during surgery. Niemeier in 1934, classified gallbladder perforation on the basis of his observation. Inspite of many modifications this classification is still in use. GBP was classified as acute or type I for free perforation and generalized biliary peritonitis, sub acute or type II for pericholecystic abscess and localized peritonitis, and chronic or type III for cholecystenteric fistula. Here we are presenting a case series of 3 cases of gallbladder perforation of three different types as mentioned above. Common clinical symptoms in these patients were abdominal pain mainly in upper quadrant, tenderness , lump in Rt. Hypochondrium ,and peritonitis. Surgical management and some specific presentation varied according to type of gallbladder perforation . All the patients were treated surgically.
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[1] Niemeier OW. Acute free perforation of the gall bladder. Ann Surg 1934; 99: 922-924
[2] Roslyn JJ, Thompson JE Jr, Darvin H, DenBesten L. Risk factors for gallbladder perforation. Am J Gastroenterol 1987; 82:636-640
[3] Bedirli A, Sakrak O, Sozuer EM, Kerek M, Guler I. Factors effecting the complications in the natural history of acute cholecystitis. Hepatogastroenterology 2001; 48: 1275-1278
[4] Isch JH, Finneran JC, Nahrwold DL. Perforation of the gallbladder. Am J Gastroenterol 1971; 55: 451-458 Larmi TKI, Kairaleuma ME, Juhani J, et al. Perforation of the gallbladder. Acta ChirScand 1984; 150: 557-60.
[5] Lennon F, Green WE. Perforation of the gallbladder. A review of 32 cases. J R Coll Surg Edinb 1983; 28: 169-173
[6] Abu-Dalu J, Urca I. Acute cholecystitis with perforation into the peritoneal cavity. Arch Surg 1971; 102: 108-11012
[7] Menakuru SR, Kaman L, Behera A, Singh R, Katariya RN. Current management of gall bladder perforations. ANZ J Surg 2004; 74: 843-846
[8] Wang AJ, Wang TE, Lin CC, Lin SC, Shih SC. Clinical predictors of severe gallbladder complications in acute acalculous cholecystitis. World J Gastroenterol 2003; 9: 2821-2823
[9] Babb RR. Acute acalculous cholecystitis. A review. J Clin Gastroenterol 1992; 15: 238- 241
[10] Der?c? H(1), Kamer E, Kara C, Ünalp HR, Tansu? T, Bozda? AD, Nazli O. . Turk J Gastroenterol. 2011 Oct;22(5):505-12. Gallbladder perforation: clinical presentation, predisposing factors, and surgical outcomes of 46 patients.
[11] Stefanidis D(1), Sirinek KR, Bingener J.J Surg Res. 2006 Apr;131(2):204-8. Epub 2006 Jan 18. Gallbladder perforation: risk factors and outcome
[12] C L Ong, T H Wong, A Rauff,BMJ- Gut, 1991,32,956-958, Acute gall bladder perforation - a dilemma in early diagnosis
[13] Larmi TKI, Kairaleuma ME, Juhani J, et al. Perforation of the gallbladder. Acta ChirScand 1984; 150: 557-60, Finan PJ. Urgent. and early cholecystectomy for acute gallbladder disease. Br J Surg 1988; 75: 141-3.
[14] Kim PN, Lee KS, Kim IY, et al. Gallbladder perforation: comparison of US findings with CT. Abdom Imaging 1994; 19: 239-42.
[15] Sood BP, Kalra N, Gupta S, Sidhu R, Gulati M, Khandelwal N, Suri S. Role of sonography in the diagnosis of gallbladder perforation. J Clin Ultrasound 2002; 30: 270-274
References
[2] Roslyn JJ, Thompson JE Jr, Darvin H, DenBesten L. Risk factors for gallbladder perforation. Am J Gastroenterol 1987; 82:636-640
[3] Bedirli A, Sakrak O, Sozuer EM, Kerek M, Guler I. Factors effecting the complications in the natural history of acute cholecystitis. Hepatogastroenterology 2001; 48: 1275-1278
[4] Isch JH, Finneran JC, Nahrwold DL. Perforation of the gallbladder. Am J Gastroenterol 1971; 55: 451-458 Larmi TKI, Kairaleuma ME, Juhani J, et al. Perforation of the gallbladder. Acta ChirScand 1984; 150: 557-60.
[5] Lennon F, Green WE. Perforation of the gallbladder. A review of 32 cases. J R Coll Surg Edinb 1983; 28: 169-173
[6] Abu-Dalu J, Urca I. Acute cholecystitis with perforation into the peritoneal cavity. Arch Surg 1971; 102: 108-11012
[7] Menakuru SR, Kaman L, Behera A, Singh R, Katariya RN. Current management of gall bladder perforations. ANZ J Surg 2004; 74: 843-846
[8] Wang AJ, Wang TE, Lin CC, Lin SC, Shih SC. Clinical predictors of severe gallbladder complications in acute acalculous cholecystitis. World J Gastroenterol 2003; 9: 2821-2823
[9] Babb RR. Acute acalculous cholecystitis. A review. J Clin Gastroenterol 1992; 15: 238- 241
[10] Der?c? H(1), Kamer E, Kara C, Ünalp HR, Tansu? T, Bozda? AD, Nazli O. . Turk J Gastroenterol. 2011 Oct;22(5):505-12. Gallbladder perforation: clinical presentation, predisposing factors, and surgical outcomes of 46 patients.
[11] Stefanidis D(1), Sirinek KR, Bingener J.J Surg Res. 2006 Apr;131(2):204-8. Epub 2006 Jan 18. Gallbladder perforation: risk factors and outcome
[12] C L Ong, T H Wong, A Rauff,BMJ- Gut, 1991,32,956-958, Acute gall bladder perforation - a dilemma in early diagnosis
[13] Larmi TKI, Kairaleuma ME, Juhani J, et al. Perforation of the gallbladder. Acta ChirScand 1984; 150: 557-60, Finan PJ. Urgent. and early cholecystectomy for acute gallbladder disease. Br J Surg 1988; 75: 141-3.
[14] Kim PN, Lee KS, Kim IY, et al. Gallbladder perforation: comparison of US findings with CT. Abdom Imaging 1994; 19: 239-42.
[15] Sood BP, Kalra N, Gupta S, Sidhu R, Gulati M, Khandelwal N, Suri S. Role of sonography in the diagnosis of gallbladder perforation. J Clin Ultrasound 2002; 30: 270-274