Correlation Cycle Threshold Value in RT-PCR on the Results of Chest X-Rays of COVID-19 Patients
Corresponding Author(s) : Firdha Adlia Syuhada
firdhaasy@gmail.com
International Journal of Allied Medical Sciences and Clinical Research,
Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022): 2022 Volume -10 - Issue 3
Abstract
COVID-19 is a virus that infects the respiratory system [1]. The gold standard for the diagnosis of COVID-19 is RT-PCR [2]. The severity of COVID-19 is seen from the cycle threshold value with strong positive, positive, and weak positive categories [3], then classified in the group of pneumonia or non-pneumonia.
this research aims to knowing the correlation of the Ct value to the results of a chest X-ray (pneumonia) and determining whether the Ct value can provide clinical information on COVID-19 patients.
The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative research type with a retrospective cross-sectional study on 189 confirmed samples of COVID-19, aged 18-35 years and conducting a chest X-ray examination when admitted to the COVID-19 Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet Kemayoran in June to July 2021. Data analysis using logistic regression test on SPSS. The percentage of weak positive Ct value is 15.9%, positive Ct value is 19.6%, and strong positive Ct value is 64.6%. The percentage of chest x-ray results for pneumonia is 45%, and for non-pneumonia is 55%. Ct value has a correlation with pneumonia(chest X-ray) in COVID-19 patients with the most significant correlation being <29.
this research aims to knowing the correlation of the Ct value to the results of a chest X-ray (pneumonia) and determining whether the Ct value can provide clinical information on COVID-19 patients.
The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative research type with a retrospective cross-sectional study on 189 confirmed samples of COVID-19, aged 18-35 years and conducting a chest X-ray examination when admitted to the COVID-19 Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet Kemayoran in June to July 2021. Data analysis using logistic regression test on SPSS. The percentage of weak positive Ct value is 15.9%, positive Ct value is 19.6%, and strong positive Ct value is 64.6%. The percentage of chest x-ray results for pneumonia is 45%, and for non-pneumonia is 55%. Ct value has a correlation with pneumonia(chest X-ray) in COVID-19 patients with the most significant correlation being <29.
Keywords
Cycle threshold value; RT-PCR; COVID-19; Chest X-ray; Pneumonia.
1.
Firdha Adlia Syuhada, Sugiyanto, Yeti Kartikasari, Gatot Murti Wibowo, Bambang Satoto, Ahmad Hidayat. Correlation Cycle Threshold Value in RT-PCR on the Results of Chest X-Rays of COVID-19 Patients. Int. J. of Allied Med. Sci. and Clin. Res. [Internet]. 2022 Sep. 29 [cited 2025 Jul. 11];10(3):360-3. Available from: https://ijamscr.com/ijamscr/article/view/1245
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References
-
[1] A. Fadli, “M ENGENAL C OVID -19 DAN C EGAH P ENYEBARANNYA D ENGAN ‘ P EDULI L INDUNGI ’ A PLIKASI B ERBASIS A NDORID,” no. April, pp. 1–6, 2020.
[2] A. S. Agustina and R. Fajrunni’mah, “Perbandingan Metode RT-PCR dan Tes Rapid Antibodi untuk Deteksi COVID-19,” J. Kesehat. Manarang, vol. 6, no. Khusus, p. 47, 2020, doi: 10.33490/jkm.v6ikhusus.317.
[3] PAMKI, “Arti Klinis Nilai CT,” 2020. .
[4] T. Alsuliman, R. Sulaiman, S. Ismail, M. Srour, and A. Alrstom, “COVID-19 paraclinical diagnostic tools: Updates and future trends,” Curr. Res. Transl. Med., vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 83–91, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.retram.2020.06.001.
[5] A. Susilo et al., “Coronavirus Disease 2019: Tinjauan Literatur Terkini,” J. Penyakit Dalam Indones., vol. 7, no. 1, p. 45, 2020, doi: 10.7454/jpdi.v7i1.415.
[6] C. W. Morfi, “Kajian Terkini CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19),” J. Ilmu Kesehat. Indones., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2020, doi: 10.25077/jikesi.v1i1.13.
[7] E. Nurhayati and A. Pratiwi, “Management kasus pneumonia COVID-19?: A literature review,” J. Ber. Ilmu Keperawatan, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 100–109, 2020.
[8] B. Etikasari, T. D. Puspitasari, A. A. Kurniasari, and L. Perdanasari, “Sistem informasi deteksi dini Covid-19,” J. Tek. Elektro dan Komput., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 101–108, 2020.
[9] N. Herawati, “Jenis-Jenis Metode Rapid-Test Untuk Deteksi Virus SARS-CoV-2,” vol. 11, no. 1, 2020.
[10] P. Pasculli et al., “Chest computed tomography score , cycle threshold values and secondary infection in predicting COVID-19 mortality,” vol. 2, pp. 145–154, 2021.
[11] V. P. Shah et al., “Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Cycle Threshold Values and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With COVID-19?: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis,” pp. 1–12, 2021.
[12] J. J. Manurung and A. Sukohar, “Hubungan Antara CT Value pada Test RT-PCR Terhadap Parameter Klinis Pasien COVID-19 Relationship Between CT Value on RT-PCR Test and Clinical Parameters of COVID-19 Patients,” vol. 11, no. April, pp. 119–124, 2021.
[13] B. Yanti and U. Hayatun, “Peran pemeriksaan radiologis pada diagnosis Coronavirus disease 2019,” J. Kedokt. Syiah Kuala, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 53–57, 2020, doi: 10.24815/jks.v20i1.18300.
[14] M. Irsal et al., “Analysis Exposure Index As an Optimization Effort on Examination Chest Posterior Anterior,” J. Vocat. Heal. Stud., vol. 4, no. 2, p. 50, 2020, doi: 10.20473/jvhs.v4.i2.2020.50-54.
[15] D. Cozzi, M. Albanesi, E. Cavigli, C. Moroni, A. Bindi, and S. Luvarà, “Chest X ? ray in new Coronavirus Disease 2019 ( COVID ? 19 ) infection?: findings and correlation with clinical outcome,” Radiol. Med., vol. 125, no. 8, pp. 730–737, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s11547-020-01232-9.
[16] F. Elzein et al., “Journal of Infection and Public Health Reinfection , recurrence , or delayed presentation of COVID-19?? Case series and review of the literature,” J. Infect. Public Health, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 474–477, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.01.002.
[17] M. Kesehatan, “RONTGEN TORAKS SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR HASIL TES REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION - POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ( RT-PCR ) UNTUK DIAGNOSIS COVID-19 Rachmi Fauziah Rahayu *, Luths Maharina * ? , Adam Prabata **, Ropitasari ***, Widiastuti *, Yuyun Yueniwati **** Abstrak THE ,” vol. 8, pp. 100–105, 2021.
[18] C. M. S. Erlina Burhan, Agus Dwi Susanto, Sally Aman Nasution, Eka Ginanjar, Ceva Wicaksono Pitoyo, Adityo Susilo, Isman Firdaus, Anwar Santoso, Dafsah Arifa Juzar, Syafri Kamsul Arif, Navy G.H Lolong Wulung, Dita Adityaningsih, Ari Fahrial Syam, Menaldi Rasmin, I, PEDOMAN TATALAKSANA COVID-19 Edisi 3 TIM EDITOR Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI) Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kardiovaskular Indonesia (PERKI) Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Penyakit Dalam Indonesia (PAPDI) Perhimpunan Dokter Anestesiologi dan Terap. 2020.
[19] B. Mishra et al., “High proportion of low cycle threshold value as an early indicator of COVID-19 surge,” J. Med. Virol., 2021, doi: 10.1002/jmv.27307.
[20] N. Lam, S. N. Muravez, and R. W. Boyce, A comparison of the Indian Health Service counseling technique with traditional, lecture-style counseling, vol. 55, no. 5. 2015.
[21] “Bunga Rampai Artikel Penyakit Virus Korona ( COVID-19 ) Editor?: Titik Respati.”
[22] A. A. Rabaan et al., “Viral dynamics and real-time rt-pcr ct values correlation with disease severity in covid-19,” Diagnostics, vol. 11, no. 6, 2021, doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11061091.
[23] A. Abdulrahman, S. I. Mallah, A. Alawadhi, S. Perna, E. M. Janahi, and M. M. Alqahtani, “Association between rt-pcr ct values and covid-19 new daily cases: A multicenter cross-sectional study,” Infez. Med., vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 416–426, 2021, doi: 10.53854/liim-2903-13.
[24] J. C. Id et al., “SARS-CoV-2 PCR cycle threshold at hospital admission associated with patient mortality,” vol. 68, pp. 1–14, 2020, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244777.
[25] K. P. Bappenas, Studi Pembelajaran Penanganan COVID-19 Indonesia. 2021.
[26] K. T. Paru et al., “Multi-Drug Resistance Tuberculosis?:,” vol. 40, no. 2, 2019.
References
[1] A. Fadli, “M ENGENAL C OVID -19 DAN C EGAH P ENYEBARANNYA D ENGAN ‘ P EDULI L INDUNGI ’ A PLIKASI B ERBASIS A NDORID,” no. April, pp. 1–6, 2020.
[2] A. S. Agustina and R. Fajrunni’mah, “Perbandingan Metode RT-PCR dan Tes Rapid Antibodi untuk Deteksi COVID-19,” J. Kesehat. Manarang, vol. 6, no. Khusus, p. 47, 2020, doi: 10.33490/jkm.v6ikhusus.317.
[3] PAMKI, “Arti Klinis Nilai CT,” 2020. .
[4] T. Alsuliman, R. Sulaiman, S. Ismail, M. Srour, and A. Alrstom, “COVID-19 paraclinical diagnostic tools: Updates and future trends,” Curr. Res. Transl. Med., vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 83–91, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.retram.2020.06.001.
[5] A. Susilo et al., “Coronavirus Disease 2019: Tinjauan Literatur Terkini,” J. Penyakit Dalam Indones., vol. 7, no. 1, p. 45, 2020, doi: 10.7454/jpdi.v7i1.415.
[6] C. W. Morfi, “Kajian Terkini CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19),” J. Ilmu Kesehat. Indones., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2020, doi: 10.25077/jikesi.v1i1.13.
[7] E. Nurhayati and A. Pratiwi, “Management kasus pneumonia COVID-19?: A literature review,” J. Ber. Ilmu Keperawatan, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 100–109, 2020.
[8] B. Etikasari, T. D. Puspitasari, A. A. Kurniasari, and L. Perdanasari, “Sistem informasi deteksi dini Covid-19,” J. Tek. Elektro dan Komput., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 101–108, 2020.
[9] N. Herawati, “Jenis-Jenis Metode Rapid-Test Untuk Deteksi Virus SARS-CoV-2,” vol. 11, no. 1, 2020.
[10] P. Pasculli et al., “Chest computed tomography score , cycle threshold values and secondary infection in predicting COVID-19 mortality,” vol. 2, pp. 145–154, 2021.
[11] V. P. Shah et al., “Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Cycle Threshold Values and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With COVID-19?: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis,” pp. 1–12, 2021.
[12] J. J. Manurung and A. Sukohar, “Hubungan Antara CT Value pada Test RT-PCR Terhadap Parameter Klinis Pasien COVID-19 Relationship Between CT Value on RT-PCR Test and Clinical Parameters of COVID-19 Patients,” vol. 11, no. April, pp. 119–124, 2021.
[13] B. Yanti and U. Hayatun, “Peran pemeriksaan radiologis pada diagnosis Coronavirus disease 2019,” J. Kedokt. Syiah Kuala, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 53–57, 2020, doi: 10.24815/jks.v20i1.18300.
[14] M. Irsal et al., “Analysis Exposure Index As an Optimization Effort on Examination Chest Posterior Anterior,” J. Vocat. Heal. Stud., vol. 4, no. 2, p. 50, 2020, doi: 10.20473/jvhs.v4.i2.2020.50-54.
[15] D. Cozzi, M. Albanesi, E. Cavigli, C. Moroni, A. Bindi, and S. Luvarà, “Chest X ? ray in new Coronavirus Disease 2019 ( COVID ? 19 ) infection?: findings and correlation with clinical outcome,” Radiol. Med., vol. 125, no. 8, pp. 730–737, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s11547-020-01232-9.
[16] F. Elzein et al., “Journal of Infection and Public Health Reinfection , recurrence , or delayed presentation of COVID-19?? Case series and review of the literature,” J. Infect. Public Health, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 474–477, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.01.002.
[17] M. Kesehatan, “RONTGEN TORAKS SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR HASIL TES REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION - POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ( RT-PCR ) UNTUK DIAGNOSIS COVID-19 Rachmi Fauziah Rahayu *, Luths Maharina * ? , Adam Prabata **, Ropitasari ***, Widiastuti *, Yuyun Yueniwati **** Abstrak THE ,” vol. 8, pp. 100–105, 2021.
[18] C. M. S. Erlina Burhan, Agus Dwi Susanto, Sally Aman Nasution, Eka Ginanjar, Ceva Wicaksono Pitoyo, Adityo Susilo, Isman Firdaus, Anwar Santoso, Dafsah Arifa Juzar, Syafri Kamsul Arif, Navy G.H Lolong Wulung, Dita Adityaningsih, Ari Fahrial Syam, Menaldi Rasmin, I, PEDOMAN TATALAKSANA COVID-19 Edisi 3 TIM EDITOR Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI) Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kardiovaskular Indonesia (PERKI) Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Penyakit Dalam Indonesia (PAPDI) Perhimpunan Dokter Anestesiologi dan Terap. 2020.
[19] B. Mishra et al., “High proportion of low cycle threshold value as an early indicator of COVID-19 surge,” J. Med. Virol., 2021, doi: 10.1002/jmv.27307.
[20] N. Lam, S. N. Muravez, and R. W. Boyce, A comparison of the Indian Health Service counseling technique with traditional, lecture-style counseling, vol. 55, no. 5. 2015.
[21] “Bunga Rampai Artikel Penyakit Virus Korona ( COVID-19 ) Editor?: Titik Respati.”
[22] A. A. Rabaan et al., “Viral dynamics and real-time rt-pcr ct values correlation with disease severity in covid-19,” Diagnostics, vol. 11, no. 6, 2021, doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11061091.
[23] A. Abdulrahman, S. I. Mallah, A. Alawadhi, S. Perna, E. M. Janahi, and M. M. Alqahtani, “Association between rt-pcr ct values and covid-19 new daily cases: A multicenter cross-sectional study,” Infez. Med., vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 416–426, 2021, doi: 10.53854/liim-2903-13.
[24] J. C. Id et al., “SARS-CoV-2 PCR cycle threshold at hospital admission associated with patient mortality,” vol. 68, pp. 1–14, 2020, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244777.
[25] K. P. Bappenas, Studi Pembelajaran Penanganan COVID-19 Indonesia. 2021.
[26] K. T. Paru et al., “Multi-Drug Resistance Tuberculosis?:,” vol. 40, no. 2, 2019.
[2] A. S. Agustina and R. Fajrunni’mah, “Perbandingan Metode RT-PCR dan Tes Rapid Antibodi untuk Deteksi COVID-19,” J. Kesehat. Manarang, vol. 6, no. Khusus, p. 47, 2020, doi: 10.33490/jkm.v6ikhusus.317.
[3] PAMKI, “Arti Klinis Nilai CT,” 2020. .
[4] T. Alsuliman, R. Sulaiman, S. Ismail, M. Srour, and A. Alrstom, “COVID-19 paraclinical diagnostic tools: Updates and future trends,” Curr. Res. Transl. Med., vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 83–91, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.retram.2020.06.001.
[5] A. Susilo et al., “Coronavirus Disease 2019: Tinjauan Literatur Terkini,” J. Penyakit Dalam Indones., vol. 7, no. 1, p. 45, 2020, doi: 10.7454/jpdi.v7i1.415.
[6] C. W. Morfi, “Kajian Terkini CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19),” J. Ilmu Kesehat. Indones., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2020, doi: 10.25077/jikesi.v1i1.13.
[7] E. Nurhayati and A. Pratiwi, “Management kasus pneumonia COVID-19?: A literature review,” J. Ber. Ilmu Keperawatan, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 100–109, 2020.
[8] B. Etikasari, T. D. Puspitasari, A. A. Kurniasari, and L. Perdanasari, “Sistem informasi deteksi dini Covid-19,” J. Tek. Elektro dan Komput., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 101–108, 2020.
[9] N. Herawati, “Jenis-Jenis Metode Rapid-Test Untuk Deteksi Virus SARS-CoV-2,” vol. 11, no. 1, 2020.
[10] P. Pasculli et al., “Chest computed tomography score , cycle threshold values and secondary infection in predicting COVID-19 mortality,” vol. 2, pp. 145–154, 2021.
[11] V. P. Shah et al., “Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Cycle Threshold Values and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With COVID-19?: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis,” pp. 1–12, 2021.
[12] J. J. Manurung and A. Sukohar, “Hubungan Antara CT Value pada Test RT-PCR Terhadap Parameter Klinis Pasien COVID-19 Relationship Between CT Value on RT-PCR Test and Clinical Parameters of COVID-19 Patients,” vol. 11, no. April, pp. 119–124, 2021.
[13] B. Yanti and U. Hayatun, “Peran pemeriksaan radiologis pada diagnosis Coronavirus disease 2019,” J. Kedokt. Syiah Kuala, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 53–57, 2020, doi: 10.24815/jks.v20i1.18300.
[14] M. Irsal et al., “Analysis Exposure Index As an Optimization Effort on Examination Chest Posterior Anterior,” J. Vocat. Heal. Stud., vol. 4, no. 2, p. 50, 2020, doi: 10.20473/jvhs.v4.i2.2020.50-54.
[15] D. Cozzi, M. Albanesi, E. Cavigli, C. Moroni, A. Bindi, and S. Luvarà, “Chest X ? ray in new Coronavirus Disease 2019 ( COVID ? 19 ) infection?: findings and correlation with clinical outcome,” Radiol. Med., vol. 125, no. 8, pp. 730–737, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s11547-020-01232-9.
[16] F. Elzein et al., “Journal of Infection and Public Health Reinfection , recurrence , or delayed presentation of COVID-19?? Case series and review of the literature,” J. Infect. Public Health, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 474–477, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.01.002.
[17] M. Kesehatan, “RONTGEN TORAKS SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR HASIL TES REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION - POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ( RT-PCR ) UNTUK DIAGNOSIS COVID-19 Rachmi Fauziah Rahayu *, Luths Maharina * ? , Adam Prabata **, Ropitasari ***, Widiastuti *, Yuyun Yueniwati **** Abstrak THE ,” vol. 8, pp. 100–105, 2021.
[18] C. M. S. Erlina Burhan, Agus Dwi Susanto, Sally Aman Nasution, Eka Ginanjar, Ceva Wicaksono Pitoyo, Adityo Susilo, Isman Firdaus, Anwar Santoso, Dafsah Arifa Juzar, Syafri Kamsul Arif, Navy G.H Lolong Wulung, Dita Adityaningsih, Ari Fahrial Syam, Menaldi Rasmin, I, PEDOMAN TATALAKSANA COVID-19 Edisi 3 TIM EDITOR Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI) Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kardiovaskular Indonesia (PERKI) Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Penyakit Dalam Indonesia (PAPDI) Perhimpunan Dokter Anestesiologi dan Terap. 2020.
[19] B. Mishra et al., “High proportion of low cycle threshold value as an early indicator of COVID-19 surge,” J. Med. Virol., 2021, doi: 10.1002/jmv.27307.
[20] N. Lam, S. N. Muravez, and R. W. Boyce, A comparison of the Indian Health Service counseling technique with traditional, lecture-style counseling, vol. 55, no. 5. 2015.
[21] “Bunga Rampai Artikel Penyakit Virus Korona ( COVID-19 ) Editor?: Titik Respati.”
[22] A. A. Rabaan et al., “Viral dynamics and real-time rt-pcr ct values correlation with disease severity in covid-19,” Diagnostics, vol. 11, no. 6, 2021, doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11061091.
[23] A. Abdulrahman, S. I. Mallah, A. Alawadhi, S. Perna, E. M. Janahi, and M. M. Alqahtani, “Association between rt-pcr ct values and covid-19 new daily cases: A multicenter cross-sectional study,” Infez. Med., vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 416–426, 2021, doi: 10.53854/liim-2903-13.
[24] J. C. Id et al., “SARS-CoV-2 PCR cycle threshold at hospital admission associated with patient mortality,” vol. 68, pp. 1–14, 2020, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244777.
[25] K. P. Bappenas, Studi Pembelajaran Penanganan COVID-19 Indonesia. 2021.
[26] K. T. Paru et al., “Multi-Drug Resistance Tuberculosis?:,” vol. 40, no. 2, 2019.