Microspheres: a Short Overall Review
Corresponding Author(s) : Naresh Chandra Pradhan
nareshpradhan19@gmail.com
International Journal of Allied Medical Sciences and Clinical Research,
Vol. 8 No. 4 (2020): 2020 Volume - 8 Issue-4
Abstract
Microspheres are having free flow powder uniqueness, which are consisting of synthetic polymers and proteins. These are biodegradable in nature have particle size smaller than 200um. Microspheres are the multiparticulate system of drug delivery which having natural and synthetic material. Microsphere inhances bioavailability, stability and target the drug to definite site at prearranged rate. Types of microspheres are as bioadhesive, floating, and radioactive, polymeric and biodegradable microspheres. Microspheres are mainly used in novel drug delivery system.
Keywords
New drug delivery system
microsphere
advantages
types
method of preparations
1.
Naresh Chandra Pradhan, Dr. Naveen Singhal, Sushil Agarwal, Yogesh Kumar Garg, Jitendra Kumar. Microspheres: a Short Overall Review. Int. J. of Allied Med. Sci. and Clin. Res. [Internet]. 2021 Jan. 28 [cited 2026 Apr. 19];8(4):789-96. Available from: https://ijamscr.com/ijamscr/article/view/956
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References
-
1. Ahmad N, Hasan N, Ahmad Z, Zishan M, Zohrameena S, Momordica Charantia: For Traditional Uses And Pharmacological Actions. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2016; 6(2):40-44.
2. Alagusundaram M., Chetty.C. M. S., Umashankari.K, Badar- inath A. V., Lavanya.C., Ramkanth.S., Microspheres as a novel drug delivery sytem- A review, Int J ChemTech Res. 2009; 1(3):526-34.
3. Bansal H., Kaur S. P., Gupta A. K., Microsphere: Methods of preparation and applications;A comparative study, Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2011; 10(1):69-78.
4. Bansode AS, Kute VB, Vethekar KS, Kote PS, Varhadi MK, Bansode AS, Formulation, development and evaluation of Microsponge loaded Topical Gel of Nystatin, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 2019; 9(2-s):451-461.
5. Dutta P, Struti J, Ch. Niranajan patra, M.E. Bhaoji rao, Floating Microsphere: Recents Trends in the Development of Gastroretentive Floating Drug Delivery System. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and nanotechnology, 2011; 4(1):1293-1306.
6. Guojun Liu, Husheng Yang, Jiayun Zhou, Preparation of magnetic microsphere from water- in-oil emulsion stabilized by block copolymer dispersant,. Biomacromolecules, 2005; 6:1280- 1288.
7. Hafeli U. Physics and Chemistry Basic of Biotechnology: Focus on biotechnology. Review: Radioactive Microspheres for Medical Application, 7:213-248.
8. Jain NK. Advances in controlled & Novel drug delivery, 03 Edition, 71. CBS publication.delhi, 2004.
9. Kappor D, Patel M, Vyas RB, Lad C, Tyagi BL, A review on microsponge drug delivery system, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 2014; 4(5):29-35.
10. Kawashima Y, Niwa T, Takeuchi H, T. Hino, Y. Ito, Preparation of multiple unit hollow microspheres (microbal loons) with acrylic resin containing tranilast and their drug release characteristics (in vitro) and floating behavior (in vivo). J. Control. Release, 16, 1991, 279-290.
11. Kreuter J, Nefzger M, Liehl E, Czokr. And Voges R. Polymer sci. and tech. J. Pharm. sci.(1983) 72, 1146.
12. Li SP, Kowalski CR, Feld KM, Grim WM. Recent Advances in Microencapsulation Technology and Equipment. Drug Deivery Ind. Pharm. 1988; 14: 353-76.
13. Lopez CR, Portero A, Vila-Jato JC, Alonso MJ. “Design and Evaluation of Chitosan/Ethylcellulose mucoadhesive bilayered devices for buccal drug delivery.”J.control.Rel. 1998;55: 143-52.
14. Mathew Sam T, Devi Gayathri S, Prasanthv VV, Vinod B. NSAIDs as microspheres, The Internet Journal of Pharmacology. 2008;6: 11-15.
15. Nalini M. Anandea, Sunil K. Jain A,, Narendra K. Jain, Con-A conjugated mucoadhesive microspheres for the colonic delivery of diloxanide furoate. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2008; 359:182-189.
16. Nachts S and Martin K. In: The microsponges a novel topical programmable delivery formulation, Marcel Dekker Inc. Newyork. 1990; 299
17. Nikam VK et el, Microspheres - A Novel Drug Delivery System: An Overview, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES, 2012; 1(1) .
18. Patel B., Modi V., Patel K., Patel M., Preparation and evalution of ethyl cellulose microspheres prepared by emulsification solvent evaporation, international Journal For Research In Management And Pharmacy. 2012; 1(1):83-91.
19. Pradesh TS, Sunny M., Varma KH, Ramesh P. Preparation of microstructured hydroxyapatite microspheres using oil in water emulsion, Bull Matter. Sci. 2005; 28(5): 383- 90.
20. Prasanth V.V., Moy A. C., Mathew S. T., Mathapan R., Microspheres An overview, Int. J. Res. Pharm. Biomed. Sci., 2011; 2:332 8.
21. Ramteke K.H., Jadhav V.B., Dhole S.N., Microspheres: As carrieres used for novel drug delivery system, IOSRPHR. 2012; 2(4):44-48.
22. Rastogi V, Shukla S, Singh R, Lal N, Yadav P, Microspheres: A Promising Drug Carrier. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2016; 6(3):18-26.
23. Rathone MJ. “Human buccal absorption. A method for Estimating the transfer kinetics of drugs across the human buccal membrane”. Int. J. pharm. 1991;69: 103.
24. Saravana Kumar K., Jayachandra Reddy P., Chandra Sekhar K.B., A Review on Microsphere for Novel drug delivery System. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2012; 5(1):420-424.
25. Saralidze K., Koole L.H., Knetsch M. L. W., Polymeric micro- spheres for medical applications, Materials. 2010; 3:3537-64.
26. Save T, Venkatachalam P. “Bioadhesive tablets of Nifedipine: Standardization of a novel buccoadhesive erodible carrier”. Drug Delivery.Ind. pharm. 1994;20(19): 3005-14.
27. Shukla P, Vijaya Vani CH.S, review article on microspherevolume, IJPAR, 2015; 4(3):291-301.
28. Suvarna V, microspheres: a brief review, Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015; 5(47):13-19.
29. Venkatesh H. (1989) “A buccal delivery system of Salbutamol Sulphate” M.Pharm; Budrinarayan, N. (1991) “Utilisation and Evaluation of plant products in pharmaceutical formulations” .M. Pharm.
30. Widder KJ, Sanyci AE, Ovadia H, and Paterson PQ. Clin.Immuno.Immuno pathol. 1979;14. 395.
31. Yadav R, Bhowmick M, Rathi V, Rathi J, Design and characterization of floating microspheres for rheumatoid arthritis, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 2019; 9(2-s):76-81.
References
1. Ahmad N, Hasan N, Ahmad Z, Zishan M, Zohrameena S, Momordica Charantia: For Traditional Uses And Pharmacological Actions. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2016; 6(2):40-44.
2. Alagusundaram M., Chetty.C. M. S., Umashankari.K, Badar- inath A. V., Lavanya.C., Ramkanth.S., Microspheres as a novel drug delivery sytem- A review, Int J ChemTech Res. 2009; 1(3):526-34.
3. Bansal H., Kaur S. P., Gupta A. K., Microsphere: Methods of preparation and applications;A comparative study, Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2011; 10(1):69-78.
4. Bansode AS, Kute VB, Vethekar KS, Kote PS, Varhadi MK, Bansode AS, Formulation, development and evaluation of Microsponge loaded Topical Gel of Nystatin, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 2019; 9(2-s):451-461.
5. Dutta P, Struti J, Ch. Niranajan patra, M.E. Bhaoji rao, Floating Microsphere: Recents Trends in the Development of Gastroretentive Floating Drug Delivery System. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and nanotechnology, 2011; 4(1):1293-1306.
6. Guojun Liu, Husheng Yang, Jiayun Zhou, Preparation of magnetic microsphere from water- in-oil emulsion stabilized by block copolymer dispersant,. Biomacromolecules, 2005; 6:1280- 1288.
7. Hafeli U. Physics and Chemistry Basic of Biotechnology: Focus on biotechnology. Review: Radioactive Microspheres for Medical Application, 7:213-248.
8. Jain NK. Advances in controlled & Novel drug delivery, 03 Edition, 71. CBS publication.delhi, 2004.
9. Kappor D, Patel M, Vyas RB, Lad C, Tyagi BL, A review on microsponge drug delivery system, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 2014; 4(5):29-35.
10. Kawashima Y, Niwa T, Takeuchi H, T. Hino, Y. Ito, Preparation of multiple unit hollow microspheres (microbal loons) with acrylic resin containing tranilast and their drug release characteristics (in vitro) and floating behavior (in vivo). J. Control. Release, 16, 1991, 279-290.
11. Kreuter J, Nefzger M, Liehl E, Czokr. And Voges R. Polymer sci. and tech. J. Pharm. sci.(1983) 72, 1146.
12. Li SP, Kowalski CR, Feld KM, Grim WM. Recent Advances in Microencapsulation Technology and Equipment. Drug Deivery Ind. Pharm. 1988; 14: 353-76.
13. Lopez CR, Portero A, Vila-Jato JC, Alonso MJ. “Design and Evaluation of Chitosan/Ethylcellulose mucoadhesive bilayered devices for buccal drug delivery.”J.control.Rel. 1998;55: 143-52.
14. Mathew Sam T, Devi Gayathri S, Prasanthv VV, Vinod B. NSAIDs as microspheres, The Internet Journal of Pharmacology. 2008;6: 11-15.
15. Nalini M. Anandea, Sunil K. Jain A,, Narendra K. Jain, Con-A conjugated mucoadhesive microspheres for the colonic delivery of diloxanide furoate. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2008; 359:182-189.
16. Nachts S and Martin K. In: The microsponges a novel topical programmable delivery formulation, Marcel Dekker Inc. Newyork. 1990; 299
17. Nikam VK et el, Microspheres - A Novel Drug Delivery System: An Overview, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES, 2012; 1(1) .
18. Patel B., Modi V., Patel K., Patel M., Preparation and evalution of ethyl cellulose microspheres prepared by emulsification solvent evaporation, international Journal For Research In Management And Pharmacy. 2012; 1(1):83-91.
19. Pradesh TS, Sunny M., Varma KH, Ramesh P. Preparation of microstructured hydroxyapatite microspheres using oil in water emulsion, Bull Matter. Sci. 2005; 28(5): 383- 90.
20. Prasanth V.V., Moy A. C., Mathew S. T., Mathapan R., Microspheres An overview, Int. J. Res. Pharm. Biomed. Sci., 2011; 2:332 8.
21. Ramteke K.H., Jadhav V.B., Dhole S.N., Microspheres: As carrieres used for novel drug delivery system, IOSRPHR. 2012; 2(4):44-48.
22. Rastogi V, Shukla S, Singh R, Lal N, Yadav P, Microspheres: A Promising Drug Carrier. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2016; 6(3):18-26.
23. Rathone MJ. “Human buccal absorption. A method for Estimating the transfer kinetics of drugs across the human buccal membrane”. Int. J. pharm. 1991;69: 103.
24. Saravana Kumar K., Jayachandra Reddy P., Chandra Sekhar K.B., A Review on Microsphere for Novel drug delivery System. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2012; 5(1):420-424.
25. Saralidze K., Koole L.H., Knetsch M. L. W., Polymeric micro- spheres for medical applications, Materials. 2010; 3:3537-64.
26. Save T, Venkatachalam P. “Bioadhesive tablets of Nifedipine: Standardization of a novel buccoadhesive erodible carrier”. Drug Delivery.Ind. pharm. 1994;20(19): 3005-14.
27. Shukla P, Vijaya Vani CH.S, review article on microspherevolume, IJPAR, 2015; 4(3):291-301.
28. Suvarna V, microspheres: a brief review, Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015; 5(47):13-19.
29. Venkatesh H. (1989) “A buccal delivery system of Salbutamol Sulphate” M.Pharm; Budrinarayan, N. (1991) “Utilisation and Evaluation of plant products in pharmaceutical formulations” .M. Pharm.
30. Widder KJ, Sanyci AE, Ovadia H, and Paterson PQ. Clin.Immuno.Immuno pathol. 1979;14. 395.
31. Yadav R, Bhowmick M, Rathi V, Rathi J, Design and characterization of floating microspheres for rheumatoid arthritis, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 2019; 9(2-s):76-81.
2. Alagusundaram M., Chetty.C. M. S., Umashankari.K, Badar- inath A. V., Lavanya.C., Ramkanth.S., Microspheres as a novel drug delivery sytem- A review, Int J ChemTech Res. 2009; 1(3):526-34.
3. Bansal H., Kaur S. P., Gupta A. K., Microsphere: Methods of preparation and applications;A comparative study, Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2011; 10(1):69-78.
4. Bansode AS, Kute VB, Vethekar KS, Kote PS, Varhadi MK, Bansode AS, Formulation, development and evaluation of Microsponge loaded Topical Gel of Nystatin, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 2019; 9(2-s):451-461.
5. Dutta P, Struti J, Ch. Niranajan patra, M.E. Bhaoji rao, Floating Microsphere: Recents Trends in the Development of Gastroretentive Floating Drug Delivery System. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and nanotechnology, 2011; 4(1):1293-1306.
6. Guojun Liu, Husheng Yang, Jiayun Zhou, Preparation of magnetic microsphere from water- in-oil emulsion stabilized by block copolymer dispersant,. Biomacromolecules, 2005; 6:1280- 1288.
7. Hafeli U. Physics and Chemistry Basic of Biotechnology: Focus on biotechnology. Review: Radioactive Microspheres for Medical Application, 7:213-248.
8. Jain NK. Advances in controlled & Novel drug delivery, 03 Edition, 71. CBS publication.delhi, 2004.
9. Kappor D, Patel M, Vyas RB, Lad C, Tyagi BL, A review on microsponge drug delivery system, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 2014; 4(5):29-35.
10. Kawashima Y, Niwa T, Takeuchi H, T. Hino, Y. Ito, Preparation of multiple unit hollow microspheres (microbal loons) with acrylic resin containing tranilast and their drug release characteristics (in vitro) and floating behavior (in vivo). J. Control. Release, 16, 1991, 279-290.
11. Kreuter J, Nefzger M, Liehl E, Czokr. And Voges R. Polymer sci. and tech. J. Pharm. sci.(1983) 72, 1146.
12. Li SP, Kowalski CR, Feld KM, Grim WM. Recent Advances in Microencapsulation Technology and Equipment. Drug Deivery Ind. Pharm. 1988; 14: 353-76.
13. Lopez CR, Portero A, Vila-Jato JC, Alonso MJ. “Design and Evaluation of Chitosan/Ethylcellulose mucoadhesive bilayered devices for buccal drug delivery.”J.control.Rel. 1998;55: 143-52.
14. Mathew Sam T, Devi Gayathri S, Prasanthv VV, Vinod B. NSAIDs as microspheres, The Internet Journal of Pharmacology. 2008;6: 11-15.
15. Nalini M. Anandea, Sunil K. Jain A,, Narendra K. Jain, Con-A conjugated mucoadhesive microspheres for the colonic delivery of diloxanide furoate. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2008; 359:182-189.
16. Nachts S and Martin K. In: The microsponges a novel topical programmable delivery formulation, Marcel Dekker Inc. Newyork. 1990; 299
17. Nikam VK et el, Microspheres - A Novel Drug Delivery System: An Overview, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES, 2012; 1(1) .
18. Patel B., Modi V., Patel K., Patel M., Preparation and evalution of ethyl cellulose microspheres prepared by emulsification solvent evaporation, international Journal For Research In Management And Pharmacy. 2012; 1(1):83-91.
19. Pradesh TS, Sunny M., Varma KH, Ramesh P. Preparation of microstructured hydroxyapatite microspheres using oil in water emulsion, Bull Matter. Sci. 2005; 28(5): 383- 90.
20. Prasanth V.V., Moy A. C., Mathew S. T., Mathapan R., Microspheres An overview, Int. J. Res. Pharm. Biomed. Sci., 2011; 2:332 8.
21. Ramteke K.H., Jadhav V.B., Dhole S.N., Microspheres: As carrieres used for novel drug delivery system, IOSRPHR. 2012; 2(4):44-48.
22. Rastogi V, Shukla S, Singh R, Lal N, Yadav P, Microspheres: A Promising Drug Carrier. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2016; 6(3):18-26.
23. Rathone MJ. “Human buccal absorption. A method for Estimating the transfer kinetics of drugs across the human buccal membrane”. Int. J. pharm. 1991;69: 103.
24. Saravana Kumar K., Jayachandra Reddy P., Chandra Sekhar K.B., A Review on Microsphere for Novel drug delivery System. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2012; 5(1):420-424.
25. Saralidze K., Koole L.H., Knetsch M. L. W., Polymeric micro- spheres for medical applications, Materials. 2010; 3:3537-64.
26. Save T, Venkatachalam P. “Bioadhesive tablets of Nifedipine: Standardization of a novel buccoadhesive erodible carrier”. Drug Delivery.Ind. pharm. 1994;20(19): 3005-14.
27. Shukla P, Vijaya Vani CH.S, review article on microspherevolume, IJPAR, 2015; 4(3):291-301.
28. Suvarna V, microspheres: a brief review, Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015; 5(47):13-19.
29. Venkatesh H. (1989) “A buccal delivery system of Salbutamol Sulphate” M.Pharm; Budrinarayan, N. (1991) “Utilisation and Evaluation of plant products in pharmaceutical formulations” .M. Pharm.
30. Widder KJ, Sanyci AE, Ovadia H, and Paterson PQ. Clin.Immuno.Immuno pathol. 1979;14. 395.
31. Yadav R, Bhowmick M, Rathi V, Rathi J, Design and characterization of floating microspheres for rheumatoid arthritis, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 2019; 9(2-s):76-81.