Morphological Study of Shape of Glenoid Cavity of Scapula
Corresponding Author(s) : Rachna Agrawal
International Journal of Allied Medical Sciences and Clinical Research,
Vol. 4 No. 3 (2016): 2016 Volume 4- Issue -3
Abstract
Objectives
The scapula is one of the most interesting bone of the human skeleton because it presents many variations. This variability in glenoid affects Prosthesis design, Instrumentation, and Intraoperative implantation techniques. The anatomical basis and variations of shape and size of glenoid cavity of scapula is very important to understand rotator cuff disease, shoulder dislocation and to decide the proper size of the glenoid component in the shoulder arthroplasty.
Method
This study was done on 131 dry, unpaired adult human scapulae. Out of the 131 scapulae, 64 were from the right side, and 67 were from the left. Only the bones with clear and intact glenoid cavity with complete ossification were used. We got a tracing of the shape of the glenoid cavity on the white sheet.
Result
In our study, we recorded 14.06% of the right and 29.86% of left glenoids were inverted comma shaped with a distinct notch. The pear shaped glenoids were 50.00% on the right side and 44.78% on the left side with an indistinct notch. On the right side 35.94% were oval and on the left side 25.37% were oval without any recognisable notch. Combined average of both sides of the glenoid 30.53% were oval shape, 47.33% was pear shape and 22.14% was inverted comma shape glenoid found in our study.
In our study two type notch found in the pear shape glenoid. Single notch found in 85.11% on the left side and 87.50% on the right side, while the double notch found in 14.09% in left side and 12.50% in right side. This suggests no significance of number of notches in our study.
The percentage of glenoids with both indistinct and distinct notch was 50% on the right side and 70.15% on the left side, which was found statistically significant in our study. This suggests that there is a significant difference in the presence of a notch on the right and left side.
Keywords
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Hina B Rajput1, Kintu K Vyas1, Bhavesh D Shroff 2 a study of morphological patterns of glenoid cavity of
scapula. National journal of medical research 2 (4), 2012, 504-507.
[2]. Mamatha T, Pai S R, Murlimanju BV, Kalthur SG, Pai MM, Kumar B. Morphometry of glenoid cavity. Online
J Health Allied Scs. 10(3), 2011, 7.
[3]. Breathnach AS. Frazer’s Anatomy of the Human Skeleton. London: J and A Churchill Ltd; 1965, 6, 63-70.
[4]. Anetzberger H, Putz R. The scapula: principles of construction and stress. Acta Anat Basel 156, 1996, 70-80.
[5]. Inui H, Sugamoto D, Miyamoto T, et al. Evaluation of three-dimensional glenoid structure using MRI. J Anat.
199, 2001, 323–328.
[6]. Burkhart SS, De Beer JF. Traumatic glenohumeral bone defects and their relationship to failure of arthroscopic
Bankart repairs: significance of the inverted-pear glenoid and the humeral engaging Hill-Sachs lesion.
Arthroscopy 16, 2000, 677-694.
[7]. Kavita P. at all morphology of coracoid process and glenoid cavity in adult human Scapulae. International
journal of analytical, pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences 2 (2), 2013, 19-22.
[8]. Prescher A, Klumpen T. The glenoid notch and its relation to the shape of the glenoid cavity of the scapula.
JAnat. 190, 1997, 457-460.
[9]. Coskun N, Karaali K, Can Cevikol C, Bahadir M, Demirel BM, Sindel M. Anatomical basics and variations of
the scapula in Turkish adults. Saudi Med J. 27(9), 2006, 1320-1325.
References
scapula. National journal of medical research 2 (4), 2012, 504-507.
[2]. Mamatha T, Pai S R, Murlimanju BV, Kalthur SG, Pai MM, Kumar B. Morphometry of glenoid cavity. Online
J Health Allied Scs. 10(3), 2011, 7.
[3]. Breathnach AS. Frazer’s Anatomy of the Human Skeleton. London: J and A Churchill Ltd; 1965, 6, 63-70.
[4]. Anetzberger H, Putz R. The scapula: principles of construction and stress. Acta Anat Basel 156, 1996, 70-80.
[5]. Inui H, Sugamoto D, Miyamoto T, et al. Evaluation of three-dimensional glenoid structure using MRI. J Anat.
199, 2001, 323–328.
[6]. Burkhart SS, De Beer JF. Traumatic glenohumeral bone defects and their relationship to failure of arthroscopic
Bankart repairs: significance of the inverted-pear glenoid and the humeral engaging Hill-Sachs lesion.
Arthroscopy 16, 2000, 677-694.
[7]. Kavita P. at all morphology of coracoid process and glenoid cavity in adult human Scapulae. International
journal of analytical, pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences 2 (2), 2013, 19-22.
[8]. Prescher A, Klumpen T. The glenoid notch and its relation to the shape of the glenoid cavity of the scapula.
JAnat. 190, 1997, 457-460.
[9]. Coskun N, Karaali K, Can Cevikol C, Bahadir M, Demirel BM, Sindel M. Anatomical basics and variations of
the scapula in Turkish adults. Saudi Med J. 27(9), 2006, 1320-1325.