Critical analysis of gridhrasi (Sciatica syndrome)

Abstract

One of the most common diseases that affect the hip and the lower limbs is Sciatica. In sciatica there is pain in the distribution of sciatic nerve which begins from buttock and radiates downwards to the posterior aspect of thigh, calf and to the outer boarder of foot. There is often history of trauma, continuous lifting of heavy objects, prolonged working in forward bending position etc but in many of the cases the actual causative factor remains unknown.  Improper sitting posture, over stress, jerking movement during travelling & sports may worsen the condition which causing significant threat to working population. The ancient knowledge of this disease is analyzed here and an attempt has been made to understand the ancient knowledge of Ayurveda in respect of etiology, clinical feature, prognosis and management in current practice. “Sciatica Syndrome” is a condition described in modern medicine is resembles with Gridhrasi which results from irritation of the greater sciatic nerve by displaced tissue, commonly a prolapsed intra vertebral disc, and other changes may be osteophytes, secondary fibrosis, tumor, or due to injury. The disease Gridhrasi is a Vataja Nanatmaja Vyadhi described by almost all the ancient Ayurvedic Scholars. The cardinal signs and symptoms of Gridhrasi are Ruka (pain), Toda (pricking sensation), Stambha (stiffness) and Muhuspandana (twitching) in the Sphika, Kati, Pristha, Uru, Janu, Jangha and Pada in order and Sakthikshepa Nigraha i.e. restricted lifting of the leg. This disease is successfully managed by Ayurvedic Medicine and Panchakarma therapy.