A Recent Review on Tuberculosis Disease and Its Treatment

Abstract

Tuberculosis is one of the major public health problems faced globally. Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antitubercular agents has called for an urgent need to investigate newer drugs to combat tuberculosis. Tuberculosis continues to be a huge beril disease against the human population according to WHO, tuberculosis is a major killer of human population after HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis is highly prevalent among the low socioeconomic section of the population and marginalized section of the community. In India, national strategic plan (2017–2025) has a national goal of elimination of tuberculosis by 2025.It requires increased awareness and understanding of tuberculosis. In this review article history, taxonomy, epidemiology, histology, immunology, pathogenesis and clinical features of both pulmonary tuberculosis

(PTB) and extra - pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) and has been discussed. A great length of detail information regarding diagnostic modalities has been explained along with diagnostic algorithm for PTB and EPTB. Treatment regimen for sensitive, drug resistance and extensive drug resistance tuberculosis has been summarized along with newer drugs. Garlic is an edible plant which has generated a lot of curiosity throughout human history as a medicinal plant. Garlic contain sulphur compound like allicin, ajoene, allylmethyltrisulphide, diallyltrisulfide, diallyltrisulphide and other which exhibit various biological properties like antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti- inflammatary, hypoglycimic and cardiovascular effects. According to various traditional system of medicine, Garlic is one of established remedies for tuberculosis. The objective of current study was to investigate in vitro antimycobacterial activity as well as antibacterial activity of various extract rich in specific phytoconstituentfrom Garlic.