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Submitted
June 12, 2022
Published
June 12, 2022
A Review on Leucorrhea
International Journal of Allied Medical Sciences and Clinical Research,
Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): 2022 Volume - 10 Issue - 2
Abstract
Leucorrhea or vaginal discharge is a whitish or yellowish discharge from the vagina. It is normal during the age of puberty of girls, menstrual cycle beginning and during pregnancy. It is a physiological condition when women experience the vaginal discharge but it may cause irritant during puberty age of girls. Vaginal discharge happens due to stimulation of estrogen hormone. It has 3 types – physiological leucorrhea which is normal , pathological leucorrhea due to presence of bacteria i.e. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Candida albicans etc and another is inflammatory leucorrhea, It may also result from inflammation or congestion of the vaginal mucosa. For physiological leucorrhea no need of such treatment but personal hygiene should be maintained to avoid worse condition and diet, lifestyle also triggered that condition. Pathological leucorrhea can be treated by antibiotics such as , such as Nystatin, Gentamycin, metronidazole and Povidone. There are many ayurvedic and homeopathic medicine to treat leucorrhea.
Keywords
Leucorrhea, vaginal discharge, Puberty, Ayurvedic treatment, homeopathic treatment.
Heena Parveen, Kajal Chauhan, & Dr. M. Sudhakar. (2022). A Review on Leucorrhea. International Journal of Allied Medical Sciences and Clinical Research, 10(2), 219–224. https://doi.org/10.61096/ijamscr.v10.iss2.2022.219-224
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References
-
1. ’Leukorrhea’ at Dorland’s medical dictionary.
2. “Definition of LEUKORRHEA” [cited 2015-12-20]. Available from: http://www.merriam-webster.com.
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6. Kulkarni RN, Durge PM. A study of leucorrhoea in reproductive age group women of Nagpur City. Indian J Public Health. 2005;49(4):238-9. PMID 16479906.
7. Tewiri PV, Neelam KMK, Kulkiro MK. A study of lukol in leucorrhoea, pelvic inflammatory diseases and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Anc Sci Life. 2001;21(2):139-49. PMID 22557044.
8. Tabassum K, Begum S, Rais N, Zulkifle. Analysis of Leucorrhoea manifestations an observational case study. IJHM. 2014;2(2):23-6.
9. Shobana L. Ramasamy; sexually transmitted disease and leukorrhea in a rural South Asian Himalayan community: A study of perceptions and barriers to treatment.
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17. Dawn CS. Dawn’s text book of gynecology and contraception. Kolkata: Dawn Books; 1995. p. 12* Edition.
18. Sir Jeffcoate N. Principles of gynaecology. London and Boston: Butter Worth & Co, Ltd.; 1975. p. 4* Edition.
19. Text book of Gynaecology (Shaw’s): Revised by john Howkins and Gordon Bourne: The English language book society and Churchill Livingstone. London, 9m Edition, 1975.
20. Melville C, Nandwani R, Bigrigg A, McMahon AD. A comparative study of clinical management strategies for vaginal discharge in family planning and genitourinary medicine settings. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care. 2005;31(1):26-30. doi: 10.1783/0000000052973112, PMID 15720844.
21. Kumar N, Choya R. Ethnobotanical notes on some plants used for the treatment of leucorrhoea and other gynecological problems in Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh. Indian J Fundam Appl Life Sci. 2012;2(4):126-33.
22. Shukla R, Chakravarty M, Gautam MP. Indigenous medicine used for treatment of gynecological disorders by tribal of Chhattisgarh, India. J Med Plants Res. 2008;2(12):356-60.
23. Satyavati GV, Gupta AK, Tandon N. Medicinal plants of India. New Delhi: Indian Council of Medical Research; 1987.
24. Rekka R, Murugesh S, Prabakaran R. Plants used by Malayali Tribes in Ethnogynaecological disorders in Yercaud hills. Salem District, Tamil Nadu: Southern Eastern Ghats. Sci res report 3.2; 2013. p. 190-2.
25. Behara KK. Plants used for gyanecological disorders by tribals of Mayurbhanj district, Orissa, India. Ethobotanical Leafl. 2006;10:129.138.
References
1. ’Leukorrhea’ at Dorland’s medical dictionary.
2. “Definition of LEUKORRHEA” [cited 2015-12-20]. Available from: http://www.merriam-webster.com.
3. leukorrhea. Dhami, P.S 2015. A Textbook of Biology. Jalandhar, Punjab: Pradeep Publications. pp 1/79.
4. leukorrhea | medical disorder. Encyclopaedia Britannica. [retrieved 2015-12-20].
5. Darwin GH 1884. Leucorrhea; or, the "whites." John Heywood.
6. Kulkarni RN, Durge PM. A study of leucorrhoea in reproductive age group women of Nagpur City. Indian J Public Health. 2005;49(4):238-9. PMID 16479906.
7. Tewiri PV, Neelam KMK, Kulkiro MK. A study of lukol in leucorrhoea, pelvic inflammatory diseases and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Anc Sci Life. 2001;21(2):139-49. PMID 22557044.
8. Tabassum K, Begum S, Rais N, Zulkifle. Analysis of Leucorrhoea manifestations an observational case study. IJHM. 2014;2(2):23-6.
9. Shobana L. Ramasamy; sexually transmitted disease and leukorrhea in a rural South Asian Himalayan community: A study of perceptions and barriers to treatment.
10. HAINER BL. Vaginitis: diagnosis and treatment - https:; Apr 2011. Available from: http://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0401/p807.html.
11. ’Treatments for Specific Types of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STDs/STIs).’ treatments for specific types of sexually transmitted diseases and sexually transmitted infections (STDs/STIs); n.d. [web]. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [cited Oct 28 2014]. Available from: http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stds/conditioninfo/Pages/specific.aspx.
12. Leucorrhea- Wikipedia.
13. Workowski KA, Berman S. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 17 Dec. 2010 [web]. 28 Oct. 2014; 2010.
14. “Hormonal Effects in Newborns: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia” [cited 2018-11-7]. Available from: medlineplus.gov.
15. Behrman RE, Kliegman R. Karen Marcdante; Jenson, Hal B. 2006. Nelson essentials of pediatrics. St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders. p. 348. ISBN 978-1-4160-0159-1.
16. Workowski KA, Berman S. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 17 Dec. 2010 [web]. 28 Oct. 2014; 2010.
17. Dawn CS. Dawn’s text book of gynecology and contraception. Kolkata: Dawn Books; 1995. p. 12* Edition.
18. Sir Jeffcoate N. Principles of gynaecology. London and Boston: Butter Worth & Co, Ltd.; 1975. p. 4* Edition.
19. Text book of Gynaecology (Shaw’s): Revised by john Howkins and Gordon Bourne: The English language book society and Churchill Livingstone. London, 9m Edition, 1975.
20. Melville C, Nandwani R, Bigrigg A, McMahon AD. A comparative study of clinical management strategies for vaginal discharge in family planning and genitourinary medicine settings. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care. 2005;31(1):26-30. doi: 10.1783/0000000052973112, PMID 15720844.
21. Kumar N, Choya R. Ethnobotanical notes on some plants used for the treatment of leucorrhoea and other gynecological problems in Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh. Indian J Fundam Appl Life Sci. 2012;2(4):126-33.
22. Shukla R, Chakravarty M, Gautam MP. Indigenous medicine used for treatment of gynecological disorders by tribal of Chhattisgarh, India. J Med Plants Res. 2008;2(12):356-60.
23. Satyavati GV, Gupta AK, Tandon N. Medicinal plants of India. New Delhi: Indian Council of Medical Research; 1987.
24. Rekka R, Murugesh S, Prabakaran R. Plants used by Malayali Tribes in Ethnogynaecological disorders in Yercaud hills. Salem District, Tamil Nadu: Southern Eastern Ghats. Sci res report 3.2; 2013. p. 190-2.
25. Behara KK. Plants used for gyanecological disorders by tribals of Mayurbhanj district, Orissa, India. Ethobotanical Leafl. 2006;10:129.138.
2. “Definition of LEUKORRHEA” [cited 2015-12-20]. Available from: http://www.merriam-webster.com.
3. leukorrhea. Dhami, P.S 2015. A Textbook of Biology. Jalandhar, Punjab: Pradeep Publications. pp 1/79.
4. leukorrhea | medical disorder. Encyclopaedia Britannica. [retrieved 2015-12-20].
5. Darwin GH 1884. Leucorrhea; or, the "whites." John Heywood.
6. Kulkarni RN, Durge PM. A study of leucorrhoea in reproductive age group women of Nagpur City. Indian J Public Health. 2005;49(4):238-9. PMID 16479906.
7. Tewiri PV, Neelam KMK, Kulkiro MK. A study of lukol in leucorrhoea, pelvic inflammatory diseases and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Anc Sci Life. 2001;21(2):139-49. PMID 22557044.
8. Tabassum K, Begum S, Rais N, Zulkifle. Analysis of Leucorrhoea manifestations an observational case study. IJHM. 2014;2(2):23-6.
9. Shobana L. Ramasamy; sexually transmitted disease and leukorrhea in a rural South Asian Himalayan community: A study of perceptions and barriers to treatment.
10. HAINER BL. Vaginitis: diagnosis and treatment - https:; Apr 2011. Available from: http://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0401/p807.html.
11. ’Treatments for Specific Types of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STDs/STIs).’ treatments for specific types of sexually transmitted diseases and sexually transmitted infections (STDs/STIs); n.d. [web]. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [cited Oct 28 2014]. Available from: http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stds/conditioninfo/Pages/specific.aspx.
12. Leucorrhea- Wikipedia.
13. Workowski KA, Berman S. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 17 Dec. 2010 [web]. 28 Oct. 2014; 2010.
14. “Hormonal Effects in Newborns: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia” [cited 2018-11-7]. Available from: medlineplus.gov.
15. Behrman RE, Kliegman R. Karen Marcdante; Jenson, Hal B. 2006. Nelson essentials of pediatrics. St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders. p. 348. ISBN 978-1-4160-0159-1.
16. Workowski KA, Berman S. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 17 Dec. 2010 [web]. 28 Oct. 2014; 2010.
17. Dawn CS. Dawn’s text book of gynecology and contraception. Kolkata: Dawn Books; 1995. p. 12* Edition.
18. Sir Jeffcoate N. Principles of gynaecology. London and Boston: Butter Worth & Co, Ltd.; 1975. p. 4* Edition.
19. Text book of Gynaecology (Shaw’s): Revised by john Howkins and Gordon Bourne: The English language book society and Churchill Livingstone. London, 9m Edition, 1975.
20. Melville C, Nandwani R, Bigrigg A, McMahon AD. A comparative study of clinical management strategies for vaginal discharge in family planning and genitourinary medicine settings. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care. 2005;31(1):26-30. doi: 10.1783/0000000052973112, PMID 15720844.
21. Kumar N, Choya R. Ethnobotanical notes on some plants used for the treatment of leucorrhoea and other gynecological problems in Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh. Indian J Fundam Appl Life Sci. 2012;2(4):126-33.
22. Shukla R, Chakravarty M, Gautam MP. Indigenous medicine used for treatment of gynecological disorders by tribal of Chhattisgarh, India. J Med Plants Res. 2008;2(12):356-60.
23. Satyavati GV, Gupta AK, Tandon N. Medicinal plants of India. New Delhi: Indian Council of Medical Research; 1987.
24. Rekka R, Murugesh S, Prabakaran R. Plants used by Malayali Tribes in Ethnogynaecological disorders in Yercaud hills. Salem District, Tamil Nadu: Southern Eastern Ghats. Sci res report 3.2; 2013. p. 190-2.
25. Behara KK. Plants used for gyanecological disorders by tribals of Mayurbhanj district, Orissa, India. Ethobotanical Leafl. 2006;10:129.138.
