Effect of purple sweet potato extract supplement on hypertensive pregnant women
Corresponding Author(s) : Zulfa Nur Azizah
zulfanurazizah.zna@gmail.com
International Journal of Allied Medical Sciences and Clinical Research,
Vol. 2021 No. 9 (4): 2021 Volume - 9 Issue - 4
Abstract
Hypertension in pregnancy is a cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Pregnant women with hypertension are given the antihypertensive drug nifedipine but it has side effects on the mother and fetus, so it is necessary to research the supplementation of purple sweet potato extract as a companion to nifedipine. Purple sweet potatoes contain anthocyanins, which act as antioxidants and antihypertensives. The study aimed was to determine the effect of purple sweet potato extract supplement on blood pressure in pregnant women with hypertension. The research design is a quasi-experiment with pre and post-test with control group design. The intervention group (15 respondents) was given supplements of purple sweet potato extract 960 mg per day and 10 mg nifedipine, the control group (15 respondents) was given 10 mg nifedipine. Blood pressure measurements were carried out before and after 14 days of treatment. The sampling technique was randomized sampling. Data analysis used paired sample t-test, independent t-test, Wilcoxon, and Mann Whitney.The results of this study are the average decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group was 19.20 mmHg and 13.60 mmHg, the control group was 13.07 mmHg and 6.73 mmHg. There was a significant difference in the mean difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the intervention and control groups (p-value 0.031 and 0.001). Supplements of purple sweet potato extract 960 mg per day and nifedipine 10 mg were effective in reducing the blood pressure of pregnant women with hypertension.
Keywords
Hypertension
purple sweet potato
pregnancy
1.
Zulfa Nur Azizah, Diyah Fatmasari, Noor Pramono, Rr Sri Endang Puji Astuti, Melyana Nurul Widyawati. Effect of purple sweet potato extract supplement on hypertensive pregnant women. Int. J. of Allied Med. Sci. and Clin. Res. [Internet]. 2021 Dec. 23 [cited 2025 Jul. 13];2021(9):720-4. Available from: https://ijamscr.com/ijamscr/article/view/1122
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References
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1. Tamargo J, Caballero R, Delpón E. Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in pregnant patients?: special considerations. Expert Opin Pharmacother [Internet]. 2019;0(0):1–20. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2019.1594773
2. Brown MA, Magee LA, Kenny LC, Karumanchi SA, Mccarthy FP, Saito S, et al. The hypertensive disorders of pregnancy?: ISSHP classification , diagnosis & management recommendations for international practice. Pregnancy Hypertens [Internet]. 2018;13(May):291–310. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preghy.2018.05.004
3. Magee LA, Dadelszen P Von. State-of-the-Art Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension in Pregnancy. Mayo Clin Proc [Internet]. 2018;93(11):1664–77. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.04.033
4. WHO. World Healt Statistics 2019: Monitoring Health for The SDGs Sustanable Development Goals. 2019.
5. Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, Tunçalp Ö, Moller A, Daniels J, et al. Global causes of maternal death?: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Heal. 2014;323–33.
6. Lo JO, Mission JF, Caughey AB. Hypertensive disease of pregnancy and maternal mortality. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2013;25(2):124–32.
7. Vest AR, Cho LS. Hypertension in Pregnancy. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2014;
8. Uzan J, Carbonnel M, Piconne O, Asmar R, Ayoubi J. Pre-eclampsia: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Dove Med Press. 2011;7:467–74.
9. Sung JY, Choi HC. Nifedipine inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and reactive oxygen species production through AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Vascul Pharmacol [Internet]. 2012;56(1–2):1–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vph.2011.06.001
10. Hudzaifah HM, Widyawati MN, Ta’adi. The Effect of Acuyoga on Fetal Heart among Pregnant Women with Hypertension. Int J Nurs Heal Serv [Internet]. 2020;3(1):162–8. Available from: http://ijnhs.net/index.php/ijnhs/home
11. Darmawan B, Fatmasari D, Pujiastuti RSE. Negative Air Pressure on Wet Cupping in Decreasing Blood Pressures in Hypertensive Patients. Nurse Media J Nurs [Internet]. 2017;7(2):116–29. Available from: http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers
12. Rauf A, Ningsi S, Suhaidarwati F. Uji Efek Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Dayak ( Eleutherine Americana Merr.) Sebagai Antihipertensi Pada Tikus Jantan ( Rattus norvegicus ). JF FIK UINAM. 2018;6(1):55–65.
13. Sejati TMA. Budi Daya Ubi Jalar. Sukoharjo: CV Pustaka Bengawan; 2017. 80 p.
14. Jawi IM, Yasa IWPS, Mahendra AN. Antihypertensive and antioxidant potential of purple sweet potato tuber dry extract in Hypertensive rats. Bali Med J (Bali Med J) 2016,. 2016;5(2):252–5.
15. Samber LN, Semangun H, Prasetyo B. Ubi Jalar Ungi Papua Sebagai Sumber Antioksidan. Semin Nasinal X Pendidik Biol FKIP UNS. 2012;1–5.
16. Richana N. Menggali Potensi Ubi Kayu & Ubi Jalar. Bandung: Nuansa Cendekia; 2018. 122 p.
17. Jawi IM, Yasa WPS. Ekstrak Air Ubi Jalar Ungu Menurunkan Teknan Darah Tikus Putih Hipertensi yang Diinduksi dengan NaCl. J Ilmu Kedikteran. 2012;43.
18. Safari A, Ginting SDRB, Fadhlillah M, Rachman SD, Anggraeni NI, Ishmayana S. Ekstraksi Dan Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Ubi Jalar Ungu ( Ipomoea batatas L . ). al-Kimaya. 2019;6(2).
19. Widiasari S. Mekanisme Inhibisi Angiotensin Converting Enzym Oleh Flavonoid Pada Hipertensi Inhibition Angiotensin Converting Enzym Mechanism By Flavonoid in Hypertension. Collab Med J. 2018;1(2):30–44.
20. Kusumastuti IR. Roselle ( Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linn ) Effects On Lowering Blood Pressure As A Treatment For Hypertension. J Major. 2014;3:70–4.
21. Cassidy A, O’Reilly EJ, Kay C, Sampson L, Franz M, Forman J, et al. Habitual intake of flavonoid subclasses and incident hyperension in adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;338–47.
22. Oktanela Y, Sulistyanigrum I, Aulanni’am, Oktavianie DA, Firmawati A, Aryani DE, et al. Beneficial Effect of Ethanol Extract from Black Rice on Endothelin-1 Expression and Histological Structure of Heart during Pre-eclampsia. J Phys Conf Ser. 2020;
23. Giannubilo SR, Bezzeccheri V, Cecchi S, Landi B, Battistoni GI, Vitali P, et al. Nifedipine versus labetalol in the treatment of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012;286(3):637–42.
24. Asgary S, Sahebkar A, Afshani MR, Keshvari M, Haghjooyjavanmard S, Rafieian-kopaei M. Clinical Evaluation of Blood Pressure Lowering , Endothelial Function Improving , Hypolipidemic and Anti-In fl ammatory Effects of Pomegranate Juice in Hypertensive Subjects. Phyther Res. 2013;(September 2012).
25. Rakhimah F, Fatmasari D, Kumorowulan S. The Combination Of Dark Chocolate And Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) Towards Anxiety Level And Blood Pressure On Primigravida Pregnancy Women. Int J Allied Med Sci Clin Res. 2018;6(3):654–61.
26. Anita T, Suwandono A, Ariyanti I, Pramono N, Kumorowulan S. Effect of Consuming Tomato (Lycopersium Commune) Juice in Lowering Blood Pressure in Pregnant Mothers With Hypertension. Belitung Nurs J. 2017;3(6):707–11.
27. Ritonga NJ, Setiani O, Umaroh U, Budhi R K, Amri F. Roselle Flower (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) in the Treatment of Hypertension in Postpartum Mothers. Belitung Nurs J. 2017;3(3):229–37.
References
1. Tamargo J, Caballero R, Delpón E. Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in pregnant patients?: special considerations. Expert Opin Pharmacother [Internet]. 2019;0(0):1–20. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2019.1594773
2. Brown MA, Magee LA, Kenny LC, Karumanchi SA, Mccarthy FP, Saito S, et al. The hypertensive disorders of pregnancy?: ISSHP classification , diagnosis & management recommendations for international practice. Pregnancy Hypertens [Internet]. 2018;13(May):291–310. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preghy.2018.05.004
3. Magee LA, Dadelszen P Von. State-of-the-Art Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension in Pregnancy. Mayo Clin Proc [Internet]. 2018;93(11):1664–77. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.04.033
4. WHO. World Healt Statistics 2019: Monitoring Health for The SDGs Sustanable Development Goals. 2019.
5. Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, Tunçalp Ö, Moller A, Daniels J, et al. Global causes of maternal death?: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Heal. 2014;323–33.
6. Lo JO, Mission JF, Caughey AB. Hypertensive disease of pregnancy and maternal mortality. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2013;25(2):124–32.
7. Vest AR, Cho LS. Hypertension in Pregnancy. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2014;
8. Uzan J, Carbonnel M, Piconne O, Asmar R, Ayoubi J. Pre-eclampsia: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Dove Med Press. 2011;7:467–74.
9. Sung JY, Choi HC. Nifedipine inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and reactive oxygen species production through AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Vascul Pharmacol [Internet]. 2012;56(1–2):1–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vph.2011.06.001
10. Hudzaifah HM, Widyawati MN, Ta’adi. The Effect of Acuyoga on Fetal Heart among Pregnant Women with Hypertension. Int J Nurs Heal Serv [Internet]. 2020;3(1):162–8. Available from: http://ijnhs.net/index.php/ijnhs/home
11. Darmawan B, Fatmasari D, Pujiastuti RSE. Negative Air Pressure on Wet Cupping in Decreasing Blood Pressures in Hypertensive Patients. Nurse Media J Nurs [Internet]. 2017;7(2):116–29. Available from: http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers
12. Rauf A, Ningsi S, Suhaidarwati F. Uji Efek Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Dayak ( Eleutherine Americana Merr.) Sebagai Antihipertensi Pada Tikus Jantan ( Rattus norvegicus ). JF FIK UINAM. 2018;6(1):55–65.
13. Sejati TMA. Budi Daya Ubi Jalar. Sukoharjo: CV Pustaka Bengawan; 2017. 80 p.
14. Jawi IM, Yasa IWPS, Mahendra AN. Antihypertensive and antioxidant potential of purple sweet potato tuber dry extract in Hypertensive rats. Bali Med J (Bali Med J) 2016,. 2016;5(2):252–5.
15. Samber LN, Semangun H, Prasetyo B. Ubi Jalar Ungi Papua Sebagai Sumber Antioksidan. Semin Nasinal X Pendidik Biol FKIP UNS. 2012;1–5.
16. Richana N. Menggali Potensi Ubi Kayu & Ubi Jalar. Bandung: Nuansa Cendekia; 2018. 122 p.
17. Jawi IM, Yasa WPS. Ekstrak Air Ubi Jalar Ungu Menurunkan Teknan Darah Tikus Putih Hipertensi yang Diinduksi dengan NaCl. J Ilmu Kedikteran. 2012;43.
18. Safari A, Ginting SDRB, Fadhlillah M, Rachman SD, Anggraeni NI, Ishmayana S. Ekstraksi Dan Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Ubi Jalar Ungu ( Ipomoea batatas L . ). al-Kimaya. 2019;6(2).
19. Widiasari S. Mekanisme Inhibisi Angiotensin Converting Enzym Oleh Flavonoid Pada Hipertensi Inhibition Angiotensin Converting Enzym Mechanism By Flavonoid in Hypertension. Collab Med J. 2018;1(2):30–44.
20. Kusumastuti IR. Roselle ( Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linn ) Effects On Lowering Blood Pressure As A Treatment For Hypertension. J Major. 2014;3:70–4.
21. Cassidy A, O’Reilly EJ, Kay C, Sampson L, Franz M, Forman J, et al. Habitual intake of flavonoid subclasses and incident hyperension in adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;338–47.
22. Oktanela Y, Sulistyanigrum I, Aulanni’am, Oktavianie DA, Firmawati A, Aryani DE, et al. Beneficial Effect of Ethanol Extract from Black Rice on Endothelin-1 Expression and Histological Structure of Heart during Pre-eclampsia. J Phys Conf Ser. 2020;
23. Giannubilo SR, Bezzeccheri V, Cecchi S, Landi B, Battistoni GI, Vitali P, et al. Nifedipine versus labetalol in the treatment of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012;286(3):637–42.
24. Asgary S, Sahebkar A, Afshani MR, Keshvari M, Haghjooyjavanmard S, Rafieian-kopaei M. Clinical Evaluation of Blood Pressure Lowering , Endothelial Function Improving , Hypolipidemic and Anti-In fl ammatory Effects of Pomegranate Juice in Hypertensive Subjects. Phyther Res. 2013;(September 2012).
25. Rakhimah F, Fatmasari D, Kumorowulan S. The Combination Of Dark Chocolate And Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) Towards Anxiety Level And Blood Pressure On Primigravida Pregnancy Women. Int J Allied Med Sci Clin Res. 2018;6(3):654–61.
26. Anita T, Suwandono A, Ariyanti I, Pramono N, Kumorowulan S. Effect of Consuming Tomato (Lycopersium Commune) Juice in Lowering Blood Pressure in Pregnant Mothers With Hypertension. Belitung Nurs J. 2017;3(6):707–11.
27. Ritonga NJ, Setiani O, Umaroh U, Budhi R K, Amri F. Roselle Flower (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) in the Treatment of Hypertension in Postpartum Mothers. Belitung Nurs J. 2017;3(3):229–37.
2. Brown MA, Magee LA, Kenny LC, Karumanchi SA, Mccarthy FP, Saito S, et al. The hypertensive disorders of pregnancy?: ISSHP classification , diagnosis & management recommendations for international practice. Pregnancy Hypertens [Internet]. 2018;13(May):291–310. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preghy.2018.05.004
3. Magee LA, Dadelszen P Von. State-of-the-Art Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension in Pregnancy. Mayo Clin Proc [Internet]. 2018;93(11):1664–77. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.04.033
4. WHO. World Healt Statistics 2019: Monitoring Health for The SDGs Sustanable Development Goals. 2019.
5. Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, Tunçalp Ö, Moller A, Daniels J, et al. Global causes of maternal death?: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Heal. 2014;323–33.
6. Lo JO, Mission JF, Caughey AB. Hypertensive disease of pregnancy and maternal mortality. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2013;25(2):124–32.
7. Vest AR, Cho LS. Hypertension in Pregnancy. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2014;
8. Uzan J, Carbonnel M, Piconne O, Asmar R, Ayoubi J. Pre-eclampsia: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Dove Med Press. 2011;7:467–74.
9. Sung JY, Choi HC. Nifedipine inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and reactive oxygen species production through AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Vascul Pharmacol [Internet]. 2012;56(1–2):1–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vph.2011.06.001
10. Hudzaifah HM, Widyawati MN, Ta’adi. The Effect of Acuyoga on Fetal Heart among Pregnant Women with Hypertension. Int J Nurs Heal Serv [Internet]. 2020;3(1):162–8. Available from: http://ijnhs.net/index.php/ijnhs/home
11. Darmawan B, Fatmasari D, Pujiastuti RSE. Negative Air Pressure on Wet Cupping in Decreasing Blood Pressures in Hypertensive Patients. Nurse Media J Nurs [Internet]. 2017;7(2):116–29. Available from: http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers
12. Rauf A, Ningsi S, Suhaidarwati F. Uji Efek Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Dayak ( Eleutherine Americana Merr.) Sebagai Antihipertensi Pada Tikus Jantan ( Rattus norvegicus ). JF FIK UINAM. 2018;6(1):55–65.
13. Sejati TMA. Budi Daya Ubi Jalar. Sukoharjo: CV Pustaka Bengawan; 2017. 80 p.
14. Jawi IM, Yasa IWPS, Mahendra AN. Antihypertensive and antioxidant potential of purple sweet potato tuber dry extract in Hypertensive rats. Bali Med J (Bali Med J) 2016,. 2016;5(2):252–5.
15. Samber LN, Semangun H, Prasetyo B. Ubi Jalar Ungi Papua Sebagai Sumber Antioksidan. Semin Nasinal X Pendidik Biol FKIP UNS. 2012;1–5.
16. Richana N. Menggali Potensi Ubi Kayu & Ubi Jalar. Bandung: Nuansa Cendekia; 2018. 122 p.
17. Jawi IM, Yasa WPS. Ekstrak Air Ubi Jalar Ungu Menurunkan Teknan Darah Tikus Putih Hipertensi yang Diinduksi dengan NaCl. J Ilmu Kedikteran. 2012;43.
18. Safari A, Ginting SDRB, Fadhlillah M, Rachman SD, Anggraeni NI, Ishmayana S. Ekstraksi Dan Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Ubi Jalar Ungu ( Ipomoea batatas L . ). al-Kimaya. 2019;6(2).
19. Widiasari S. Mekanisme Inhibisi Angiotensin Converting Enzym Oleh Flavonoid Pada Hipertensi Inhibition Angiotensin Converting Enzym Mechanism By Flavonoid in Hypertension. Collab Med J. 2018;1(2):30–44.
20. Kusumastuti IR. Roselle ( Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linn ) Effects On Lowering Blood Pressure As A Treatment For Hypertension. J Major. 2014;3:70–4.
21. Cassidy A, O’Reilly EJ, Kay C, Sampson L, Franz M, Forman J, et al. Habitual intake of flavonoid subclasses and incident hyperension in adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;338–47.
22. Oktanela Y, Sulistyanigrum I, Aulanni’am, Oktavianie DA, Firmawati A, Aryani DE, et al. Beneficial Effect of Ethanol Extract from Black Rice on Endothelin-1 Expression and Histological Structure of Heart during Pre-eclampsia. J Phys Conf Ser. 2020;
23. Giannubilo SR, Bezzeccheri V, Cecchi S, Landi B, Battistoni GI, Vitali P, et al. Nifedipine versus labetalol in the treatment of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012;286(3):637–42.
24. Asgary S, Sahebkar A, Afshani MR, Keshvari M, Haghjooyjavanmard S, Rafieian-kopaei M. Clinical Evaluation of Blood Pressure Lowering , Endothelial Function Improving , Hypolipidemic and Anti-In fl ammatory Effects of Pomegranate Juice in Hypertensive Subjects. Phyther Res. 2013;(September 2012).
25. Rakhimah F, Fatmasari D, Kumorowulan S. The Combination Of Dark Chocolate And Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) Towards Anxiety Level And Blood Pressure On Primigravida Pregnancy Women. Int J Allied Med Sci Clin Res. 2018;6(3):654–61.
26. Anita T, Suwandono A, Ariyanti I, Pramono N, Kumorowulan S. Effect of Consuming Tomato (Lycopersium Commune) Juice in Lowering Blood Pressure in Pregnant Mothers With Hypertension. Belitung Nurs J. 2017;3(6):707–11.
27. Ritonga NJ, Setiani O, Umaroh U, Budhi R K, Amri F. Roselle Flower (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) in the Treatment of Hypertension in Postpartum Mothers. Belitung Nurs J. 2017;3(3):229–37.