/* IJAMSCR appearance refinement, 4 November 2026. */
body {font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.65;color:#263747;background:#f5f7fa;}
p,li {line-height:1.65;}
a {color:#985010;} a:hover,a:focus {color:#663508;text-decoration:underline;}
h1,h2,h3,h4 {color:#17344b;line-height:1.35;}
.container-fluid {max-width:1440px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}
.box-shadow {box-shadow:0 2px 10px rgba(22,49,70,.045)!important;border:1px solid #e5eaf0;border-radius:8px;}
.navbar {background:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid #e0e6ed;}
.navbar a {color:#74400e!important;}
.ijamscr-masthead {display:flex;align-items:center;gap:24px;max-width:1360px;margin:auto;padding:26px 24px;}
.ijamscr-masthead img {width:100px;height:100px;object-fit:contain;flex-shrink:0;}
.ijamscr-kicker {font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:1.4px;color:#985010;margin-bottom:6px;}
.ijamscr-journal-title {font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:30px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.25;color:#17344b;max-width:1000px;}
.ijamscr-masthead p {font-size:16px;margin:8px 0 3px;}.ijamscr-masthead span {font-size:13px;color:#526375;}
.header_text_content {margin:0!important;padding:0!important;}
.dummy_header_text,.dummy_headerText,.dummy_headertext {height:auto!important;min-height:0!important;}
.main_content {padding-top:24px!important;}
.about_journal .about {font-size:16px;}
.about_journal .about h2 {font-size:25px;margin-top:18px;}
.about_journal img {border-radius:6px;}
.ijamscr-actions {display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px;margin:20px 0;}
.ijamscr-button,a.galley-link.pdf {display:inline-flex!important;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:8px;background:#ad580b!important;color:#fff!important;border:1px solid #ad580b!important;border-radius:6px!important;padding:11px 19px!important;font-size:15px!important;font-weight:700;min-height:44px;text-decoration:none!important;line-height:1.3!important;}
.ijamscr-button-outline {background:#fff!important;color:#985010!important;}
a.galley-link.pdf:hover,.ijamscr-button:hover {background:#814006!important;color:white!important;}
.article_tab_list {display:flex;flex-direction:column;}.article_tab_list > .article_section_list {order:-1;margin-bottom:32px;}
.article_section_list h3 {font-size:21px;line-height:1.4;}.article_section_list h3 a {color:#173f59!important;}
.article_section_list .doiInSummary {display:none!important;}
.journal_index_doi a,.ijamscr_doi_ijrpp_style a {font-size:13px!important;color:#526375!important;overflow-wrap:anywhere;}
.ijamscr-resource-grid {display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:18px;padding:16px 0;}
.ijamscr-resource-card {display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid #dfe6ed;border-top:3px solid #c97628;border-radius:8px;padding:22px;text-decoration:none!important;}
.ijamscr-resource-card:hover {border-color:#c97628;box-shadow:0 3px 12px #17344b0d;}
.ijamscr-resource-card h3 {font-size:19px;margin:0 0 10px;color:#17344b;}
.ijamscr-resource-card p {font-size:15px;color:#425569;margin:0 0 12px;}.ijamscr-resource-card span {font-size:14px;font-weight:700;color:#985010;}
.icon_description {background:#f5f7fa!important;padding:20px!important;}
.article-header h1.title {font-size:28px;line-height:1.4;color:#17344b!important;margin-bottom:12px;}
.row.authors {display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;margin-top:20px!important;}
.row.authors .author {min-height:0!important;height:auto!important;padding:12px!important;margin-bottom:6px!important;flex:0 0 50%;font-size:15px;border:0!important;}
.article-author-affilitation {font-size:14px!important;line-height:1.5!important;color:#526375;}
.correspondent {margin:18px 0!important;padding:16px!important;background:#f3f6f9;border-radius:6px;}.corresponding_author {font-size:16px!important;color:#263747!important;}
.articleInfo {padding-bottom:0!important;}.articleData {margin-top:24px!important;}
.article-abstract,.article-summary {font-size:16px!important;line-height:1.75!important;}.article-abstract p {text-align:left!important;margin-bottom:20px!important;}
.article_detail_tab_list .nav a {font-size:15px!important;color:#72400d!important;}
.announcement_list {display:none!important;}
.ijamscr-site-footer {display:grid;grid-template-columns:2fr 1fr 1fr;gap:32px;background:#17344b;color:#edf2f7;padding:36px max(24px,4vw);margin-top:36px;clear:both;font-size:14px;}
.ijamscr-site-footer strong {font-size:17px;color:white;}.ijamscr-site-footer p {margin:8px 0;color:#e0e8ef;}.ijamscr-site-footer a {display:block;color:#f7d3ac;margin:8px 0;}.footer_border {display:none!important;}
a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible {outline:3px solid #1b6c9c;outline-offset:3px;}
@media(max-width:767px){body{font-size:16px}.ijamscr-masthead{gap:14px;padding:20px 16px}.ijamscr-masthead img{width:64px;height:64px}.ijamscr-journal-title{font-size:21px}.ijamscr-kicker{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.5px}.ijamscr-masthead p{font-size:14px}.ijamscr-resource-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.ijamscr-site-footer{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px}.row.authors .author{flex-basis:100%}.article-header h1.title{font-size:24px}.icon_description{padding:12px!important}.article-abstract{padding:12px!important}img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.article_content{width:100%!important}.ijamscr-actions>a{width:100%}}
/* Keep research visible; remove outdated promotional panels. */
.article_tab_list > .article_section_list {display:block!important;visibility:visible!important;opacity:1!important;animation:none!important;transform:none!important;padding:24px!important;}
.row.annoucement_list {display:none!important;}
.article_section_list .article-summary {padding:22px 0!important;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e7ed;}
.page_index_journal .article_tab_list {margin-top:24px;}
.ijamscr-site-footer {width:100%;}
body .page_article h1.title {font-size:28px!important;line-height:1.4!important;color:#17344b!important;}
body .page_article .row.authors {display:grid!important;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));width:100%!important;}
body .page_article .row.authors .author {width:auto!important;max-width:100%!important;float:none!important;min-height:0!important;}
body .ijamscr-site-footer a {color:#f7d3ac!important;}
body .ijamscr-site-footer a:hover {color:#fff!important;}
body .page_index_journal .about h2 {color:#17344b!important;}
body .article_section_list h3 a {color:#173f59!important;}
@media(max-width:767px){body .page_article .row.authors{grid-template-columns:1fr}body .page_article h1.title{font-size:23px!important}}
body .article_section_list .article_col {display:block!important;}
body .article_section_list .article-summary {width:100%!important;max-width:100%!important;float:none!important;clear:both!important;height:auto!important;padding:22px 6px!important;}
body .article_section_list .article-summary h3 {font-size:21px!important;line-height:1.45!important;text-align:left!important;margin:0 0 10px!important;}
body .article_section_list .article-summary h3 a {font-size:21px!important;line-height:1.45!important;text-align:left!important;color:#173f59!important;}
body .article_section_list .article-summary .article_summary {font-size:14px!important;line-height:1.6!important;}
body .article_section_list .article-summary .row {margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important;}
body .article_section_list .article-summary .article_title {margin-bottom:8px!important;}
@media(max-width:767px){
body .ijamscr-masthead {padding-top:70px;}
body .journal_description {display:flex!important;flex-direction:column;}
body .journal_description > .about_journal {order:0;width:100%!important;}
body .journal_description > .col-md-2 {order:1;width:100%!important;}
body .journal_description > .col-md-3 {order:2;width:100%!important;}
body .about_journal > img {display:none!important;}
body .issue_cover img {width:140px!important;}
body .main_content {padding-top:12px!important;}
body .article_section_list .article-summary h3,body .article_section_list .article-summary h3 a {font-size:19px!important;}
}
/* Compact homepage bibliography */
body .article_section_list .article-summary {padding:13px 4px!important}
body .article_section_list .article_summary {padding:0!important;margin:0!important;height:auto!important;min-height:0!important}
body .article_section_list .article-summary .article_title,body .article_section_list .article-summary .journal_index_doi,body .article_section_list .article-summary .meta {height:auto!important;min-height:0!important;padding:0!important;margin:0!important}
body .article_section_list .article-summary h3,body .article_section_list .article-summary h3 a {font-size:19px!important;line-height:1.32!important;margin:0!important;padding:0!important}
body .article_section_list .article-summary .article_title>div {padding:0!important;min-height:0!important}
body .article_section_list .article-summary .meta {display:grid!important;grid-template-columns:auto 1fr auto;align-items:center;gap:2px 12px}
body .article_section_list .meta::before,body .article_section_list .meta::after {display:none!important}
body .article_section_list .article-summary .meta>* {float:none!important;width:auto!important;padding:0!important;margin:0!important;height:auto!important;min-height:0!important;text-align:left!important}
body .article_section_list .meta .author {grid-column:1/3}
body .article_section_list .meta .galley_list {grid-column:3;grid-row:1/3}
body .article_section_list .meta a.pdf {padding:5px 12px!important;min-height:32px!important;margin:0!important;font-size:14px!important;box-shadow:none!important}
@media(max-width:600px){body .article_section_list .article-summary .meta {display:flex!important;flex-wrap:wrap}body .article_section_list .meta .author {flex-basis:100%}body .article_section_list .meta a.pdf {min-height:44px!important}}
body .article_section_list .article_col > .article-summary {min-height:0!important;height:auto!important;align-self:start!important}
body .page_index_journal {display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,2.65fr) minmax(225px,1fr);gap:16px 22px;align-items:start}
body .page_index_journal>.journal_index {display:none!important}
body .page_index_journal>.article_tab_list {grid-column:1;grid-row:2;margin:0!important;min-width:0}
.ij-home-issue,.ij-home-side section {background:white;border:1px solid #dce3e8;border-radius:7px;padding:18px 22px}
.ij-home-issue {grid-column:1;grid-row:1;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:center;border-top:3px solid #b7651b}
.ij-home-issue img {width:76px;height:auto}.ij-home-issue small {letter-spacing:.12em;color:#86450e;font-weight:bold}.ij-home-issue h2,.ij-home-side h2 {margin:4px 0 8px!important;color:#17344b!important}.ij-home-issue p {margin:0 0 5px}
.ij-home-side {grid-column:2;grid-row:1/3;display:grid;gap:14px}.ij-home-side h2 {font-size:20px}.ij-home-side a {display:block;margin:8px 0;color:#78410e!important;text-decoration:underline}.ij-home-side .ijamscr-button {color:white!important;text-decoration:none}.ij-home-side img {float:left;margin-right:12px}.ij-home-side p {font-size:15px}.ij-home-side p+a {clear:both}
body .page_index_journal .article_col>.article-summary:nth-child(n+6){display:none!important}
body .page_index_journal .article_section_list .article_header {text-align:left!important;color:#17344b!important}
@media(max-width:767px){body .page_index_journal {display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:12px}.ij-home-issue,body .page_index_journal>.article_tab_list,.ij-home-side {width:100%}.ij-home-side {order:3}.ij-home-issue img{width:60px}}

/* v9 polish */
.page_index_journal .article_tab_list{background:transparent !important;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important}
.page_index_journal .article_tab_list .article_section_list{padding:8px 24px 16px !important}
.page_index_journal .article_tab_list .tab-content.article_tab{padding:8px 0 !important}
.page_index_journal .article_tab_list .row.article_section{padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important}
.page_index_journal .article_tab_list .box-shadow .box-shadow{box-shadow:none !important;border:0 !important}

/* v10 navy menu bar */
nav.navbar-desktop{background:#17344b !important;border-bottom:3px solid #b45a0c;box-shadow:none}
nav.navbar-desktop a,nav.navbar-desktop .navbar-nav>li>a{color:#fff !important;background:transparent !important}
nav.navbar-desktop a:hover,nav.navbar-desktop a:focus,nav.navbar-desktop .navbar-nav>li.open>a{color:#ffd9b0 !important;background:rgba(255,255,255,.08) !important;text-decoration:none}
nav.navbar-desktop .dropdown-menu{background:#fff;border-top:3px solid #b45a0c}
nav.navbar-desktop .dropdown-menu a{color:#17344b !important}
nav.navbar-desktop .dropdown-menu a:hover{background:#f3f6f9 !important;color:#98500f !important}
nav.navbar-desktop i,nav.navbar-desktop .fa{color:#ffb673 !important}

/* v11 submit button in menu */
nav.navbar-desktop{position:relative;padding-right:200px !important}
nav.navbar-desktop .navbar-nav>li>a{padding-left:10px !important;padding-right:10px !important;font-size:15px}
nav.navbar-desktop a.ij-nav-submit{position:absolute;right:16px;top:8px;background:#b45a0c !important;color:#fff !important;font-weight:700;font-size:14px;padding:8px 14px;border-radius:5px;line-height:1.2}
nav.navbar-desktop a.ij-nav-submit:hover{background:#98500f !important;color:#fff !important}

/* v12 keep menu on one line */
nav.navbar-desktop{padding-right:185px !important}
nav.navbar-desktop .navbar-nav{display:flex !important;flex-wrap:nowrap !important;float:none !important;white-space:nowrap;margin:0 !important}
nav.navbar-desktop .navbar-nav>li{float:none !important}
nav.navbar-desktop .navbar-nav>li>a{padding-left:7px !important;padding-right:7px !important;font-size:14px !important;letter-spacing:0 !important}

/* v13 mobile */
.ij-mobile-submit{display:none}
@media (max-width:767px){
.ijamscr-masthead{padding:14px 16px !important;gap:12px !important}
.ijamscr-masthead img{width:56px !important;height:56px !important}
.ijamscr-masthead h1{font-size:20px !important;line-height:1.3 !important;margin:4px 0 !important}
.ij-mobile-submit{display:block;grid-column:1;margin:0 0 4px;text-align:center;background:#b45a0c;color:#fff !important;font-weight:700;padding:12px;border-radius:6px;text-decoration:none}
}
@media (max-width:767px){.ij-mobile-submit{justify-self:stretch !important;width:100% !important;box-sizing:border-box;margin:0 0 8px !important}}

/* v15 mobile order: issue, submit, For Authors, articles, rest */
@media (max-width:767px){
.page_index_journal{display:flex !important;flex-direction:column !important}
.page_index_journal>.ij-home-issue{order:1 !important}
.page_index_journal>.ij-mobile-submit{order:2 !important}
.page_index_journal>.ij-home-side{display:contents !important}
.page_index_journal>.ij-home-side>section{margin:0 0 12px !important}
.page_index_journal>.ij-home-side>section:nth-of-type(1){order:3 !important}
.page_index_journal>.ij-home-side>section:nth-of-type(1) .ijamscr-button{display:none !important}
.page_index_journal>.ij-home-side>section:nth-of-type(2){order:5 !important}
.page_index_journal>.ij-home-side>section:nth-of-type(3){order:6 !important}
.page_index_journal>.row{order:4 !important}
.page_index_journal>.article_tab_list{order:4 !important}
}
@media (max-width:767px){.page_index_journal>.ij-home-side>section{align-self:stretch !important;width:100% !important;box-sizing:border-box}}

/* v17 mobile article list tidy */
@media (max-width:767px){
.article_section_list>h3.article_header{display:none !important}
.article_section_list .nav-tabs,.article_section_list ul.nav{display:none !important}
.article_section_list{padding:10px 12px !important}
.current_article_list.row,.current_article_list .article_section,.article_section_list .row{margin-left:0 !important;margin-right:0 !important;width:100% !important;max-width:100% !important}
.current_article_list .article_section{padding:0 !important}
.article_section_list .title{padding-left:0 !important}
}

/* submit popup */
body.ijs-open{overflow:hidden}
.ijs-backdrop{position:fixed;inset:0;background:rgba(15,30,45,.6);z-index:100000;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:16px}
.ijs-backdrop[hidden]{display:none}
.ijs-dialog{background:#fff;border-radius:10px;max-width:640px;width:100%;max-height:90vh;overflow:auto;padding:28px 30px;position:relative;border-top:5px solid #b45a0c;color:#263747;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;outline:0}
.ijs-dialog h2{font-size:24px;margin:0 0 10px;color:#17344b}
.ijs-dialog h3{font-size:16px;margin:18px 0 6px;color:#17344b}
.ijs-kicker{font-size:12px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;color:#98500f;margin:0 0 6px}
.ijs-lead{font-weight:700;margin:0 0 4px}
.ijs-mail{font-size:22px;font-weight:700;margin:0 0 12px}
.ijs-dialog a{color:#98500f;text-decoration:underline}
.ijs-dialog ol{padding-left:20px;margin:0}
.ijs-dialog li{margin-bottom:6px}
.ijs-close{position:absolute;top:8px;right:12px;background:none;border:0;font-size:30px;line-height:1;color:#546a7b;cursor:pointer}
.ijs-actions{display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:20px}
.ijs-dialog .ijs-btn{display:inline-block;padding:11px 20px;border-radius:6px;font-weight:700;font-size:15px;cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border:1px solid #b45a0c}
.ijs-dialog .ijs-btn-primary{background:#b45a0c;color:#fff}
.ijs-dialog .ijs-btn-secondary{background:#fff;color:#98500f;position:static;font-size:15px}

/* v19 hide zero-citation badge and visitor counter; footer trust line */
.article-details .dimension_badge{display:none !important}
#customblock-visitors{display:none !important}
.ijamscr-footer-trust{font-size:13px;opacity:.85;margin-top:6px}