Osteoarthritis is typical productive, progressive arthropathy disorder primarily affecting weight bearing by diarthrodial joints of the peripheral and axial skeleton it is characterized by progressive deterioration and loss of articular cartilage, resulting in heberden’s and bouchard’s nodes are bony (0steophytes) formation, pain, limitations of motion, deformity and progressive disability. Inflammation may or may not be present in the affected joints. Osteoarthritis is considered as a result of excessive mechanical stress applied to susceptible joints predisposed on chondrocyte dysfunction (that may be genetic or environmental). Physical examination of affected joints reveals tenderness, crepitus and possible joint enlargement [1].

Platelet –rich plasma (PRP) is also known as platelet rich growth factors (GFs), Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) matrix, and platelet concentrate. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) also known as autologous conditioned plasma is a concentrate of platelet rich plasma protein derived from whole blood, centrifuged to remove red blood cells [2].

Composition includes whole blood placed in Centrifuge prior to two stage centrifugation There are four general categories of preparation of PRP based on its leukocyte and fibrin content leukocyte-rich PRP (L-PRP), leukocyte reduced PRP (P-PRP; leukocyte reduced or pure PRP), leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin and pure platelet-rich fibrin. The efficacy of certain growth factors in healing various injuries and the concentrations of these growth factors found within PRP are the theoretical basis for the use of PRP in tissue repair. The platelets collected in PRP are activated by the addition of thrombin and calcium chloride, which induces the release of the mentioned factors from alpha granules. The growth factors and other cytokines present in PRP include: platelet- derived growth factor, transforming growth factor beta, fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor 1, insulin-like growthfactor2, vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth, interleukin 8, keratinocyte growth factor, connective tissue growth factor [3, 4].

Based on the various above literatures and their report we have decided to assess the use of PRP in treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Furthermore we want to explore the study and efficacy of the application of platelet rich plasma (PRP) in treatment of osteoarthritis and degenerative lesions of the articular cartilage of the knee and to check feasibility study to assess the safety intervention procedure and to assess primary and secondary outcome measures [5].

The effectiveness of PRP in decreasing pain, stiffness and physical function was assessed and scored on WOMAC and VAS with following parameters were studied. The results were analyzed by using unpaired t-test and chi-square test. Age distribution shows that mean age in group-I (effective) to be 2.422 and the mean age in group-II (Not-effective) to be 6.275. The p-value derived using unpaired t-test for group-I is 0.0262 and group-II is 0.0001, rendering age factor insignificant gender distribution were comparable on both groups using 80% being female and 20% being male. The p-value using chi-square test is 0.0026 .The gender factor was significant. The plasma rich protein versus gender the t-statistics shows that effective with 4.95(0.0001) and not-effective with 3.393(0.0026). The gender factor was significant. The plasma rich protein versus grade the t-statistics shows that grade-I with 11.12(<0.0001) and grade-II with 10.71(<0.0001) which is significant thus the study ensured that all patients were comparable on baseline characters (effective and non-effective). The global WOMAC showed a mean of baseline with 748.6(<0.0045)and after three months 250.6(<0.0001) along with WOMAC the VAS scale also used shows a mean of baseline with 213.3(t-statistic 14.2) and after three months the review as follows 58.0(<0.0001) the p-value using unpaired t-test turned significant. The study showed a significant decrease in global WOMAC score and VAS scale, which was also consistent throughout the study period. The individual variables such as pain, stiffness and physical function were assessed mean score for pain showed decreased from baseline of 748.6 to 250.6 at 6 weeks post injection. At the end of three months follow up, mean was 58.0.The p-value using unpaired t-test showed significant improvement. Secondary variable stiffness showed significance difference at 2 months follow up and 3 months follow up the mean of physical function decreased from post injection. Visual analog showed a decrease in mean of 213.3 to 58.0 which denotes a change of patient’s perception of pain from intense, dreadful, horrible pain to mild annoying pain in patients. The VAS scale p-value using unpaired t-test shows that the significant improvement in patients.

Osteoarthritis represents a failure of diarthrodial joint, characterized by degenerative changes in articular cartilage of joint. The management of osteoarthritis has undergone sea changes during last century. Osteoarthritis has been managed by conservative methods like lifestyle changes and physiotherapy and surgical methods like total knee replacement (TKR) depending upon the stage of disorder. A constant search for molecule that could aid in cartilage regeneration, thus interfering in disease process has thrown up suprises.one such ideology is garnering the beneficial effect of growth factors in platelets to regenerate cartilage in a synovial joint. Our study depends on injecting a highly concentrated mix of platelets into joint cavity and observing the patients for reduction in symptoms of pain, stiffness and improvement in physical function. Our study has revealed a consistent reduction in pain and stiffness and a clear improvement in lifestyle of the patients. Our study has thrown up an interesting choice of treatment of knee osteoarthritis and it has proved efficacious in the observation period of three months. There were no major complications or incidences of infection in patients. Long term follow up needed with ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and M.R.I to assess the regeneration of cartilage.