Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms in pregnancy and occur in 50-90% of pregnant women. Although mice are unable to vomit they display a gaping reaction when their serotonin levels increase. Serotonin levels in non-pregnant mice approach the lower detection threshold (0.004pmol / islet). And it increases 200 times during pregnancy. High serotonin levels can cause nausea. Vitamine B6 is believed to be a safe and effective drug to reduce nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Kawista fruit extract has a high vitamine B6 content. Side effects on vitamine B6 drugs are severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling in the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); decreased sense of touch, temperature, or vibration; loss of balance; numbness in the legs or around the mouth; numbness or tingling in the skin.

The aim of the study was to prove the effect of kawista fruit extract to reduce the frequency of nausea in mice.

This study is a quantitative study that uses an experimental design model with one-group pre-test and post-test design. The number of samples used was 20 muskulus mice which were divided into 4 groups, 5 controls, 5 POR, 5 kawista 0.5mg and 5 kawista 1.0mg. The examination was carried out for 6 days including gaping / gaping reflexes in mice. The sampling technique was random sampling with regard to inclusion criteria. Data analysis using Kruskal Wallis statistical test followed by Post Hoc.

The results of this study showed a decrease in nausea and vomiting before and after intervention, the average number of gaping on day 4 in the kawista fruit treatment group was 1.0 mg, 6 times or 62% per day and value 0,000 (<α = 0, 05), the average number of gaping in the kawista fruit extract treatment group dose of 0.5 mg is 7 times or 66% per day and p value 0,000 and while the POR group has an average value of nausea vomiting 8 times per day or 84% and p value 0.008.

It can be concluded that there is an effect of consumption of kawista fruit extract to reduce nausea in mice. Based on the results of these studies it is suggested to be able to apply the use of kawista fruit especially in maternal health services.

Keywords:Kawista Fruit, Vomiting Nausea, Pregnancy, Gaping Reflex

Nausea is an unpleasant feeling related to pain or encourages vomiting, while vomiting is the excretion of gastric contents by mouth due to unconscious muscle spasm.[1].

Based on the results of the Ministry of Health RI research (2009) revealed that> 80% of pregnant women experience nausea and vomiting. The incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum also occurs in Asia such as in China, 0.9%, Pakistan 2.2%, and Turkey 1.9%. Hyperemesis gravidarum also occurs in Indonesia with incidence ranging from 1% to 3% of all trimester I pregnancies. [2]

Pregnancy nausea and vomiting, also called emesis gravidarum, occur in up to 70-85% of pregnant women, usually in the first trimester. Nausea and vomiting reduce the quality of life and cause frequent absence of work. In addition, a severe form of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, or hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), can be considered a health risk. HG is described as hard vomiting associated with weight loss of more than 5% of pre- pregnancy body weight, dehydration and electrolyte imbalance, which can cause hospitalization. Estimates of the incidence of HG range from 0.3% -2% of pregnancy. [3]

The cause of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is not yet known exactly, but nausea and vomiting are closely related to the etiology and pathogenesis of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. According to the theory, physiological changes in pregnant women cause an increase in levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and changes in psychological changes such as fear and anxiety so that they can activate the Chemoseceptor Triger Zone (CTZ).[4]

Although the mice were unable to vomit, they displayed a distinctive gaping reaction. In fact, Travers and Norgen (1986) state that muscle movements involved in gaping responses mimic species that are capable of vomiting in displaying emetic reactions. The gaping reaction is reflected to reflect nausea and can serve as a tool used to evaluate newly developed pharmaceuticals for nauseous side effects. [5]

In the area of West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) in general and Bima especially knows the kawista fruit only as ingredients of salad. In Indonesia this plant is rarely examined for its contents. In Indo-China, spines and kawista bark are used in various traditional medicinal herbs to treat excessive menstruation, liver disorders, animal bites and stings, and to treat nausea. [6]

To prove the effect of kawista fruit extract as an alternative cure for the frequency of nausea in mice

This research is a quantitative research that uses an experimental design model with one-group pre-test and post- test design. The number of samples used was 20 muskulus mice which were divided into 4 groups: 5 controls, 5 PORs, 5 kawista 0.5mg and 5 kawista 1.0mg. The examination was carried out for 6 days including gaping / gaping reflexes in mice. The sampling technique was random sampling with regard to inclusion criteria. Data analysis using Kruskal Wallis statistical test followed by Post Hoc.

The analysis is done by univariate by calculating the mean, maximum, minimum and examination results after the first day of pvalue = 0.902 (> 0.05), until the fourth day the value of pvalue = 0.001 (<0.05). This inferential analysis was used to determine the significant differences between treatment groups. In the trial groups measurements were made> 3 times and ratio scale data with non parametric data types so that the analysis method used was Kruskall Wallis (p <0.05). Continued post hoc tests to find out the differences between groups in more detail.