Knowledge of suicidal behaviour and its management among PUC students is believed to be an important determinant of health seeking behaviour as well as adherence to preventive measures.
The study aims at assessing the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on suicidal behavior and its management among PUC students at selected PUC colleges at Vijayapur
A pre experimental one group pre test post-test research design was used for the study. The knowledge of the subjects were determined using a structured knowledge questionnaire. The Planned teaching programme was administered on the same day. The conceptual frame work is based on General system theory. A post test was conducted to determine the knowledge of the subjects on the seventh day by using the same questionnaire which was conducted in selected College of Vijayapur. 80 PUC students were selected using a convenient sampling technique.
In this study out of 80 samples 34 (42.50%) of them were the age group of 17 years, 40 (50%) of the respondents were male and remaining 40 (50%) of the respondents were female, 38(47.5%) of students are stressful with After school activity, 64 (80%) of students are not having any family history of suicide. The study revealed that 80 (100%) of students never thought and have not attempted suicide. The analysis of mean of the knowledge scores in pre test and post test revealed that the mean pre test knowledge score was 13.07 where as post test knowledge score was 25.91. The mean difference was (12.84) and it shows there is significant difference between pre test and post test after giving planned teaching programme.
The findings of the study support that Planned teaching programme was effective in increasing the knowledge regarding suicidal behavior and its management among students.
Keywords:Planned teaching programme, PUC students, Suicidal behavior
Adolescence is a stressful developmental period filled with major body changes. The word adolescence is Latin in origin, derived from the verb adolescence, which means "to grow into adulthood." Adolescence is a time of moving from the immaturity of childhood into the maturity of adulthood. There is no single event or boundary line that denotes the end of childhood or the beginning of adolescence. Rather, experts think of the passage from childhood into adolescence as composed of a set of transitions that unfold gradually and that touch upon many aspects of the individual's behaviour, development, and relationships. These transitions are biological, cognitive, social, and emotional.[1]
Life is full of risk; people must choose the amount of danger to which they are willing to expose themselves. A number of factors combine to impact adolescents risk taking behavior including age, self esteem, autonomous social adaptation, vulnerability, impulsivity and thrill seeking activity.[2]
According to WHO Annual estimates approximately one million people die from suicide and for every 10 to 20 minutes more people attempt to suicide worldwide. This represents one death for every 40 seconds and one attempt for every 3 seconds on average.[3]
It is reported that 19% of the world’s population is in the age group of 10 to 19 years. Nearly two fifths of the nation’s population falls between ten and twenty years of age. And the youth represents the energy of the present and the hope for the future.[1] At present the adolescents are facing a huge amount of stress related to various problems in their social environment. And one of major consequence or the after effect of this stress is suicide and growing rate.[4]
“Effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding suicidal behavior and its management among PUC students of selected PU Colleges at Vijayapur”.
To assess the knowledge of PUC students regarding suicidal behavior and its management before and after planned teaching programme.
To determine the effectiveness of planned teaching programme regarding suicidal behavior and its management among PUC students.
To find out the association between post test knowledge scores of PUC students regarding suicidal behavior and its management with their selected demographic variables.
The following hypotheses will be tested at 0.05 levels of significances.
One group pretest and post-test design (Pre-experimental design) was used for this study.
The study will be conducted at selected P U Colleges at Vijayapur.
Population for the study comprises of P U C students at selected P U Colleges at Vijayapur.
Sample for the study would consist of 80 P U C students.
The sample size for the study comprises of 80 P U C students.
P U C students will be selected using convenient sampling technique.
The P U C students of 16-19 years of age group.
Students who are able to read and understand English and/or Kannada
Students who are present at the time of data collection.
Who are absent at the time of study.
Students who are suffering from systemic illness & co-morbid psychiatric illness.
The tool used for data collection was a structured knowledge questionnaire among PUC students.
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| 16 | 28 | 35 | |
| 17 | 34 | 42.5 | |
| 18 | 10 | 12.5 | |
| More than 18 | 08 | 10.0 | |
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| Male | 40 | 50 | |
| Female | 40 | 50 | |
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| Primary | 25 | 31.25 | |
| Secondary | 20 | 25 | |
| Graduation | 23 | 28.75 | |
| Post graduation | 12 | 15 | |
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| Hindu | 47 | 58.75 | |
| Muslim | 33 | 41.25 | |
| Christian | 0 | 0 | |
| Others | 0 | 0 | |
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| Urban | 44 | 55 | |
| Semi urban | 16 | 20 | |
| Rural | 20 | 25 | |
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| Joint | 32 | 40 | |
| Nuclear | 48 | 60 | |
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| Govt employee | 28 | 35 | |
| Private employe | 36 | 45 | |
| Self employe | 10 | 12.5 | |
| Others | 6 | 7.5 | |
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| 5000-10001 | 12 | 15 | |
| 10001-15000 | 28 | 35 | |
| 15001-20000 | 34 | 42.5 | |
| 20001 and above | 6 | 7.5 | |
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| Family/home | 6 | 7.5 | |
| Parents/Friends | 10 | 12.5 | |
| School/Grades | 18 | 22.5 | |
| After school activities | 38 | 47.5 | |
| Self | 8 | 10 | |
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| Yes | 16 | 20 | |
| No | 64 | 80 | |
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| Yes | 0 | 0 | |
| No | 80 | 100 | |
N=80
The above figure shows that 38(47.5%) of respondents were stressed with after school activity, 18(22.5%) with school and graduation programme, 10(12.5%) of respondents are stressed with parents/friends, 6(7.5%) of respondents were stressful with family /home.
The above figure shows that 64(80%) of respondents are having not family history of suicide, remaining 16(20%) of respondents are having family history of suicide.
The above figure shows that 80 (100%) of students never thought and not attempted suicide.
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34 | 42.5 | 00 | 00 |
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46 | 57.5 | 35 | 43.75 | |
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00 | 00 | 45 | 56.25 | |
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The above table revels that with respect to (Pre-test knowledge scores 46(57.5%) of respondents had average knowledge and 34(42.5%) of respondents with poor knowledge. Where as after intervention (post-test) 45(56.25%) of respondents had good knowledge, 35(43.75%) with average knowledge.)
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| Pretest | 80 | 13.07 | 2.49 | 0.27 | 34.5 | p-value< 0.05 |
| Posttest | 80 | 25.91 | 4.02 | 0.44 |
The above table revels that mean post test knowledge score regarding suicidal behavior and its management among PUC students is more than the mean pretest score with t-value 34.5 is highly significant at p-value < 0.05. So the planned teaching program is effective in enhance the knowledge of suicidal behavior and its management
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| Age in year | 16 | 16 | 12 | 8.72 | 5.99 | 2 | S |
| 17 | 8 | 26 | |||||
| 18 | 5 | 5 | |||||
| Above 18 year | 5 | 3 | |||||
| Sex | Male | 28 | 12 | 0.80 | 3.84 | 1 | NS |
| Female | 24 | 16 | |||||
| Education of parents | Primary | 12 | 13 | 5.68 | 7.82 | 3 | NS |
| Secondary | 6 | 14 | |||||
| Graduation | 15 | 8 | |||||
| Post graduation | 7 | 5 | |||||
| Religion | Hindhu | 0 | 0 | 0.09 | 3.84 | 1 | NS |
| Muslim | 6 | 4 | |||||
| Christian | 7 | 5 | |||||
| Others | 5 | 8 | |||||
| Habitat | Urban | 28 | 16 | 3.31 | 5.99 | 2 | NS |
| Rural | 6 | 10 | |||||
| Semi-urban | 12 | 8 | |||||
| Type of family | Joint | 18 | 14 | 1.27 | 3.84 | 1 | NS |
| Nuclear | 20 | 28 | |||||
| Parents occupation | Govt employee | 16 | 12 | 3.06 | 5.99 | 2 | NS |
| Private employee | 28 | 8 | |||||
| Self employee | 6 | 4 | |||||
| Others | 5 | 1 | |||||
| Family monthly income | 5000-10000 | 8 | 4 | 1.27 | 5.99 | 2 | NS |
| 10001-15000 | 16 | 12 | |||||
| 15001-20000 | 20 | 14 | |||||
| 20000 and above | 5 | 1 | |||||
| Most stressful part of your life | Family/home | 4 | 2 | 8.20 | 5.99 | 2 | S |
| Parents/friend | 7 | 3 | |||||
| School/graduation | 8 | 10 | |||||
| After school activities | 22 | 16 | |||||
| Self | 3 | 5 | |||||
| Family history of suicide | Yes | 9 | 7 | 0.0015 | 3.84 | 1 | NS |
| No | 34 | 30 | |||||
| Have you ever thought about or attempted to kill yourself | Yes | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 3.84 | 1 | NS |
| No | 38 | 42 |
The above table reveals that, the association of demographic variables with post-test knowledge scores, showed that age in years and most stressful part of your life found to be significant. The other demographic variables like Sex, Education of parents, Religion, Habitat, Type of family, Parents Occupation, Family monthly income, Family history of suicide, have you ever thought about or attempted to kill yourself found to be non significant at 0.05 level of significant
The nursing implications of the study could be discussed under nursing skill, nursing education, nursing research and administration.
The most important role of the nurse is to provide awareness of the suicidal behavior and its management among PUC students. The nurse plays an important role in disease prevention and health promotion. Several implications can be drawn from the present study for nursing skill. The health personnel have added responsibility in educating the students regarding suicidal behavior and its management and help in maintenance of health by modification of life styles.
The nursing curriculum should emphasize on imparting health information to community using different teaching methods. Nursing students should be educated on health promotion, disease prevention and early detection of the disease. The Planned teaching programme can be used as an illustrative informational mode to the students as well as clients and their family members and the community. Every student should be encouraged in providing information to the clients and the community for which they have to be prepared properly.
Nursing administrator should take an initiative in creating policies and plans in providing education to the people. Planned teaching programme to be provided to the nursing personnel at various levels to make them aware of suicidal behavior and its management by nursing administrators. Knowledge regarding suicidal behavior and its management among PUC students should be updated by utilizing various communication facilities. Planned teaching programme should be included as a part of job–description of various categories of health personnel. The nurse as an administrator also should plan the out– reach activities in collaboration with the other agencies in imparting the knowledge to the colleges. Programmes to be planned to remove the life threatening situation and imparting knowledge regarding suicidal behavior and its management.
Suicide has become common health problem in students and if proper measures are not taken it leads into complication, more resources should be allocated to do research on suicidal behavior and its management among students. There is a great need of nursing research in the areas of student education. Health related studies need to concentrate on behavior modifications of students by developing unique teaching programmes. Research on newer methods of teaching, focusing on people’s interest, community participation and cost–effectiveness are needed.
Based on the study findings, the following recommendations were made for further study.
A similar study can be conducted among the general population.
Comparative study may be conducted to find out the similarities and differences in knowledge between urban and rural areas.
Experimental study can be conducted with structured learning programme on knowledge with control group
Mass planned teaching programme in regional languages to reduce suicidal rates among adolescents.
Effectiveness of psycho-education can be carried out on prevention of suicidal among adolescents,
Effectiveness of individual counselling among adolescents to prevent suicide
Effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy to enhance self confidence among adolescents with suicidal behaviour.
The planned teaching programme is really helpful in enhancing knowledge regarding suicidal prevention and increasing the confidence about life among adolescents.
Who is an adolescent? http://www.lifepositive.com
Gail, W. S, Principles and practice of Psychiatric Nursing, Court pvt Ltd. 7, 2001, 381-382
The Hindu online edition of India’s National Newspaper, 18, 2005
Kaplan Harold, Sadock JB. Comprehensive text book of psychiatry. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 2(5), 1989