Maintaining health is, without question, a worthy goal and the foundation of any situation. The intervention generally prevents complications and promotes recovery and saves a life. The increasing numbers of accidental emergencies in the society increase the need for first aid management and preventive services. These services help to reduce the mortality, morbidity, disability and impairments caused due to road traffic accidents – head injury, bleeding, fractures-spinal fracture, leg fracture, hip fracture, thermal and electrical burns and drowning. Thus skilled management promotes a quality care and preserves the life.
To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program regarding first aid management of selected accidental emergencies in terms of knowledge and attitude among nursing students
The study made use of one group pretest posttest pre experimental design. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 100 samples for the study. The tool used for the study was structured interview schedule and five points like scale. The data gathered was analyzed employing descriptive and inferential statistics.
Statistical analysis showed that the increased knowledge and attitude in posttest was highly significant at P<0.05 level. It is strongly supported that the teaching programme has significantly improved knowledge and attitude regarding first aid management of selected accidental emergencies among nursing students. Provision of such kind of structured teaching program (video simulation) will motivate the nursing students and help them to acquire knowledge and attitude to manage the accidental emergencies.
Keywords: Accidental emergencies, management, first aid.
First aid and medical aid are two interrelated concepts which are used to provide immediate and on- the- spot treatment to the victim of an accident or sudden illness [1]. As lifestyles of people are becoming more complex and changing rapidly affecting various aspects of their living aspects of their living environment, it is imperative that every person should be capable of rendering first aid to sick and injured person till the patient reaches in the safe hands of specific medical personnel. It provides sufficient coverage of all critical situations resulting from accidental or sudden illness of patients [2].
In many countries, motor vehicle accidents rank first among all fatal accidents. During 2002 there were almost 1.19 million deaths from road accidents in the world. In addition, for every death there are as many as 50 – 100 minor injuries and 10 – 20 serious injuries requiring long periods of expensive care, nursing and treatments. In 2002 the global rate of deaths from road traffic injuries was about 19.0 per 100,000 people. The rate was 27.6 per 100000 for males and 10.4 per 100000 for females. Nursing students aged 15 – 44 years account for more than 1.8 lac children less than 15 years of age die in road accidents, Park, K [3, 5].
To assess the pretest knowledge and attitude scores regarding first aid management of accidental emergencies among nursing students.
To assess the posttest knowledge and attitude scores regarding first aid management of accidental emergencies among nursing students.
To compare the pretest and posttest knowledge and attitude scores regarding first aid management of accidental emergencies among nursing students.
To correlate the posttest knowledge with posttest attitude scores regarding first aid management of accidental emergencies among nursing students [4].
H1-The mean posttest knowledge scores is significantly higher than the mean pretest knowledge scores.
H2-The mean posttest attitude scores is significantly higher than the mean pretest attitude scores.
H3-There will be a significant correlation between the posttest knowledge scores and attitude scores.
Evaluative research approach was used to conduct the study. The design for this study was pre experimental design. i.e., one group pretest and posttest design. Sample selected for this study is first year and second year nursing students [5, 7]. Hundred samples were selected by using Non - Probability, Purposive sampling technique. Written consent was obtained from the participant. The investigator conducted pretest by using structured self-administered interview schedule for 45 minutes to assess the knowledge of the students regarding first aid management of selected accidental emergencies and five point Likert scale used to assess the attitude. On the same day group teaching was given for 45 minutes regarding first aid management of selected accidental emergencies by using video simulation. On the seventh day posttest was done using the same structured interview schedule and Likert scale to assess the knowledge and attitude of the samples. Finally, the data were entered and analyzed statistically [8-12].
N = 100
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| AdequateModerately AdequateInadequate | 104347 | 104347 | 6337- | 6337- |
| Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
The table 1 showed that, in pretest 47(47%) of the students had inadequate knowledge, 43(43%) had moderately adequate knowledge and 10(10%) had adequate knowledge regarding first aid management of selected accidental emergencies.
In posttest majority of the students 63(63%) had adequate knowledge and 37(37%) of the students had moderately adequate knowledge. None of them had inadequate knowledge.
N =100
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| Favourable Attitude Moderately favourable Attitude Unfavourable Attitude | 105238 | 105238 | 8416- | 8416- |
| Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
The table 2 showed that, in pretest 38(38%) of the nursing students had unfavorable attitude, 52(52%) had moderately favorable attitude and 10(10%) had favorable attitude regarding first aid management of selected accidental emergencies [13-18].
In posttest majority of the nursing students 84(84%) had favourable attitude and 16(16%) of the nursing students had moderately favourable attitude. None of them had unfavourable attitude.
N = 100
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| 12 | PretestPost test | 10.8317.74 | 5.036.04 | 8.77 | 1.96 |
df = 99 (P<0.05)
The table 3 showed the mean scores of pretest and posttest knowledge scores regarding first aid management of selected accidental emergencies as 10.83 and 17.74 respectively. The posttest mean scores were higher than pretest mean scores. The ‘’Z” value is 8.77 which was significant at 0.05 levels.
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| 12 | KnowledgeAttitude | 17.7439.32 | 0.91 | 0.1946 |
df = 98 ( P<0.05)
Table 6 showed that there was positive Correlation (r = 0.91) between mean posttest knowledge and attitude scores regarding first aid management of selected accidental emergencies among nursing students
Findings showed that the structured teaching programme was effective in increasing the knowledge and attitude regarding first aid management of selected accidental emergencies among nursing students. Thus structured teaching programme played an important role in improving the knowledge and attitude among nursing students.
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